VertebratesLEC33 Flashcards

1
Q

Osteichthyes

A
  • vast majority of familiar vertebrates
  • bony fishes
    ex. walking catfish
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2
Q

Tetrapods

A

bony fishes that have limbs

and feet

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3
Q

Derived Characters of Tetrapods

A
  • Four limbs and feet with digits
  • Ears for detecting airborne sounds
  • evolve from living in water to land
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4
Q

Class Amphibia

A
  • has about 5,000 species
  • have moist skin that complements the lungs in gas exchange, breathe through skin & lungs
  • Includes salamanders, which have tails
  • first species to walk on land
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5
Q

Order Anura

A
  • Includes frogs & toads, which lack tails

ex. golden frog from costa rican

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6
Q

Order caecilians

A

legless and resemble worms

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7
Q

Amphibian has “two lives” that are…

A

Aquatic larva and terrestrial adult

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8
Q

Reptiles

A
  • evolved from amphibians
  • have scales that create a waterproof barrier
  • lay shelled eggs on land
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9
Q

The oldest reptilian fossils date to…

A

about 300 million years old

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10
Q

what are the surviving species of an ancient group of reptiles, lepidosaurs?

A
  • tuatara, currently confined to New Zealand

- squamates, the lizards(most diverse) and snakes

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11
Q

Turtles

A

an ancient group that have adapted to deserts others, mainly ponds and rivers
ex. gopler tortoise in New Orleans

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12
Q

archosaurs

A

crocodilians & birds

*they are closely related

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13
Q

The amniotic egg contains membranes that…

A

protect the embryo

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14
Q

ectothermic

A
  • absorbing external heat as the main source of body heat (cold blooded)
  • mostly reptiles
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15
Q

endothermic

A

-capable of keeping the body warm through
metabolism (warm blooded)
-mostly birds & leather back turtle

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16
Q

theropods

A

bipedal, carnivorous dinosaurs that are ancestor of birds

17
Q

when did feathered theropods had evolved into birds? what is the oldest bird known?

A
  • 150 mya

- Archaeopteryx

18
Q

Hoatzin

A
  • live in the Amazon
  • feed on leaves
  • climb trees with fingers on wings
  • closely related to Archaeopteryx?
19
Q

T or F, The demands of flight have made the bodies of flying birds similar

A

true

20
Q

Derived Characters of Mammals

A
  • hair

- large brain

21
Q

where & when did mammals originated

A
  • in the Jurassic, more than 200 mya
  • lived alongside the dinosaurs
  • underwent a major radiation after the dinosaurs disappeared