VertebratesLEC33

Question 1

Osteichthyes

Answer 1

• vast majority of familiar vertebrates
• bony fishes
  ex. walking catfish

Question 2

Tetrapods

Answer 2

bony fishes that have limbs

and feet

Question 3

Derived Characters of Tetrapods

Answer 3

• Four limbs and feet with digits
• Ears for detecting airborne sounds
• evolve from living in water to land

Question 4

Class Amphibia

Answer 4

• has about 5,000 species
• have moist skin that complements the lungs in gas exchange, breathe through skin & lungs
• Includes salamanders, which have tails
• first species to walk on land

Question 5

Order Anura

Answer 5

• Includes frogs & toads, which lack tails

ex. golden frog from costa rican

Question 6

Order caecilians

Answer 6

legless and resemble worms

Question 7

Amphibian has “two lives” that are…

Answer 7

Aquatic larva and terrestrial adult

Question 8

Reptiles

Answer 8

• evolved from amphibians
• have scales that create a waterproof barrier
• lay shelled eggs on land

Question 9

The oldest reptilian fossils date to…

Answer 9

about 300 million years old

Question 10

what are the surviving species of an ancient group of reptiles, lepidosaurs?

Answer 10

• tuatara, currently confined to New Zealand

- squamates, the lizards(most diverse) and snakes

Question 11

Turtles

Answer 11

an ancient group that have adapted to deserts others, mainly ponds and rivers
ex. gopler tortoise in New Orleans

Question 12

archosaurs

Answer 12

crocodilians & birds

*they are closely related

Question 13

The amniotic egg contains membranes that…

Answer 13

protect the embryo

Question 14

ectothermic

Answer 14

• absorbing external heat as the main source of body heat (cold blooded)
• mostly reptiles

Question 15

endothermic

Answer 15

-capable of keeping the body warm through
metabolism (warm blooded)
-mostly birds & leather back turtle

Question 16

theropods

Answer 16

bipedal, carnivorous dinosaurs that are ancestor of birds

Question 17

when did feathered theropods had evolved into birds? what is the oldest bird known?

Answer 17

• 150 mya

- Archaeopteryx

Question 18

Hoatzin

Answer 18

• live in the Amazon
• feed on leaves
• climb trees with fingers on wings
• closely related to Archaeopteryx?

Question 19

T or F, The demands of flight have made the bodies of flying birds similar

Answer 19

true

Question 20

Derived Characters of Mammals

Answer 20

• hair

- large brain

Question 21

where & when did mammals originated

Answer 21

• in the Jurassic, more than 200 mya
• lived alongside the dinosaurs
• underwent a major radiation after the dinosaurs disappeared