Viruses/Fungi/Protozoa (Based on Erin's SI Notes) Flashcards Preview

Bugs and Drugs Exam 1 > Viruses/Fungi/Protozoa (Based on Erin's SI Notes) > Flashcards

Flashcards in Viruses/Fungi/Protozoa (Based on Erin's SI Notes) Deck (18)
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1
Q

Steps of Replicative Cycle

A
  • Attachment to cell receptors
  • Endocytosis into cell
  • Uncoating (liberate protein and DNA/RNA)
  • Replication
  • -Trascription in nucleus, translation in cytoplasm, make +mRNA from -DNA or -mRNA
  • Assembly
  • Egress outside cell
2
Q

DNA Viruses

A
  • Orthopoxvirus (Variola, small pox)
  • Molluscum contagiosum (most common viral skin infection)
  • Herpes viridae
  • Adenovirus (respiratory infections, conjunctivitis)
  • Polymavirus
  • Papillomaviridae (HPV, genital warts)
  • Anellovirus
  • Parvovirus (Fifth’s Disease/slap face skin disease)
  • Orthohepadnavirus (Hep B)
3
Q

Herpes viridae family

A
  • Herpes simplex 1 (oral herpes, eye infections)
  • Herpes simplex 2 (genital herpes)
  • Varicella zoster (chicken pox)
  • Epstein barr (mono)
  • Cytomegalovirus (retinitis/betaherpesvirinae/usualy in immunocompromised)
  • HHV6 (roseolavirus)
  • HHV8 (kaposi’s sarcoma)
4
Q

RNA Viruses

A
  • Hantaan virus
  • Rotavirus
  • Lyssavirus (rabies)
  • Filovirus (ebola)
  • Paramyxovirus (Newcastle disease)
  • Vesiculovirus (VSV)
  • Parainfluenza
  • Rubulavirus (mumps)
  • Morbillivirus (measles)
  • Influenza A/B
  • Arenaviridae (lassa fever virus)
  • Hepatovirus (Hep A)
  • Hep D
  • Hep E
  • Enterovirus (Polio)
  • Rhinovirus (common cold)
  • Pneumovirus (respiratory syncytial virus in children/RSV)
  • Astrovirus (GI)
  • Norwalk (major cause of GI food borne disease)
  • Coronavirus (respiratory)
  • Flaviviridae (yellow fever/Hep C)
  • Togaviridae (Easter equine encephalitis/alpha virus//Rubivirus (rubella)
5
Q

Viruses with Vaccines

A
  • Hepatovirus (Hep A)
  • Enterovirus (poliovirus)
  • Flaviviridae (dengue/yellow fever)
  • Eastern equine encephalitis virus (alpha virus)
  • Ribivirus (Rubella)
  • Rotavirus
  • Influenza A/B
  • Lyssavirus (Rabies)
  • Morbillivirus (measles)
  • Rubulavirus (mumps)
  • Hep B
  • Papillomavirus (HPV)
  • Varicella zoster
  • Orthopoxvirus (variola smallpox)
6
Q

3 major viruses that cause disease in the US that don’t have a vaccine

A
  • Norwalk
  • rhinovirus
  • RSV
7
Q

Fungal infections of cutaneous layer

A

“TEM” (Trichophyton, Epidermiphyton, Microsporum)

  • tinea capitis
  • tinea corporis
  • tinea cruris
  • tinea pedia
  • onychomycosis (nail infection)
8
Q

Fungal systemic infection of immunocompetent

A
  • Blastomyces
  • Coccidioides
  • Histoplasma
9
Q

Fungal systemic infection of immunocompromised

A
  • Aspergillus

- Cryptococcus

10
Q

Protozoa that cause diarrhea

A
  • Giardia
  • Isospora
  • Sarcocystis
  • Cryptosporidium
  • Toxoplasma
  • Enterocytozoon
  • Entamoeba
11
Q

Likely protozoan infections of immunocompromised

A

“TIC”

  • Toxoplasma
  • Isospora
  • Cryptosporidium
12
Q

Common protozoan infections in the US

A

“GET”

  • Giardia
  • Entamoeba
  • Trichomonas vaginalis
13
Q

Protozoal cysts

A
  • Giardia
  • Entamoeba
  • Toxoplasma (found in cat litter boxes)
14
Q

Bugs that cross placental membrane

A

“ToRCHeS”

  • Toxoplasma
  • Rubella
  • Cytomegalovirus
  • Herpes/HSV/HIV
  • Syphilis
15
Q

Bugs treated with Bactrim

A
  • Cryptosporidium
  • Isospora
  • PCP
16
Q

Most common helminthic infection in US

A

-Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm)

17
Q

Bugs that cause diarrhea (in order from most to least common)

A
  • Viral (Norwalk)
  • Salmonella
  • Campylobacter
  • Enterhemorrhagic E. Coli
  • Enterotoxigenic diarrhea (cholera)
  • Clostridium
  • Shigella
  • Cryptosporidiosis/Isospora, Staph, Yersiniosis, Entamoeba (dysentery), giardia
18
Q

Opportunistic infections

A
  • Acinetobacter
  • non-typical Mycobacterium
  • Nocardia asteroides
  • Corynebacterium jekium
  • Listeria monocytogenes
  • stenotrophomonas
  • Alcaligenes xyloxidans
  • Bartonella hesela
  • Cryptosporidium
  • PCP
  • Isospora
  • Toxoplasma