W3-3 Bacteria pathogenesis Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in W3-3 Bacteria pathogenesis Deck (27)
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1
Q

What is the LD50 of a pathogen?

A

the amount required to kill 50% of organisms (measures virulence)

2
Q

Extoxin

A

secreted from bacteria to affect host somewhere else

3
Q

Endotoxin

A

intrinsically part of host, but removed and secreted to host for toxic effects

4
Q

Hemolysis test: tests for what type of toxicity?

A

extoxins: cytolytic

5
Q

Three possible results of hemolysis test

A

α: partial hemolysis, leaves green edge

β: total hemolysis, large missing area

γ: culture grows but no hemolysis

6
Q

Describe AB toxins: type and action

A

Type: exotoxins

Action: B unit Binds to host cell and A unit carries out toxic Action

7
Q

Flacid paralysis cause and example

A

Inhibits ACh at NMJ

botulism

8
Q

Spacstic paralysis cause and example

A

inhibits glycine release on inhibitory neuron, does not allow relaxation

tetanus

9
Q

What is a super antigen?

A

One that stimulates the specific immune system more than it should in a nonspecific manner. Leads to large amounts of inflammation

10
Q

What are the three parts of an endotoxin?

A
  1. Lipid
  2. Core polysaccharide
  3. O-specific polysaccharide
11
Q

What is the toxic part of an endotoxin?

A

lipid

12
Q

What is the function of the O-specific polysaccharide of an endotoxin clinically?

A

unique to organism, identifiable in lab setting

13
Q

Which is more toxic: endotoxin or exotoxin?

A

exotoxin

14
Q

3 types of hypersensitivity immune responses

A

T1: allergy

T2: antibodies against pathogen also attack host

T3: WBCs pull pathogens out of tissue to attack in dangerous areas like capillaries

15
Q

The innate immune system counts on these molecules to be present on pathogens

A

PAMPs–pathogen associated molecular patterns

16
Q

These protein components of serum may bind to pathogens and help facilitate their phagocytosis

A

complement components

17
Q

Interferons

A

mediate early cellular response to viral infections

18
Q

Differentiation of immune system cells

A

a

19
Q

These cells respond immediately to infection

A

macrophages

20
Q

These cells are recruited by mircophages at the beginning of infection

A

neutrophils

21
Q

What is the purpose of the complement system?

A

to control inflammation

22
Q

Interferons

A

Produced by infected cells to recruit immune cell response

23
Q

Which cells are responsible for initiating the adaptive immune response?

A

phagocytes from innate response

24
Q

Cells responsible for bringing antigens to T-cells

A

Antigent Presenting Cells

25
Q

Immune system produces these in response to antigens perceived as dangerous

A

antibodies

26
Q

Two types of immunity

A

Active: host body initiates an immune response

Passive: antibodies are transferred from another person (either transfusion or from mother)

27
Q
A