Week 6-radiotherapy and chemotherapy in gynaecological care Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Week 6-radiotherapy and chemotherapy in gynaecological care Deck (16)
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1
Q

Which virus causes 70% of cervical cancers? Which proteins are these related to?

A

HPV- specifically types 16 and 18 Related to E6 and E7 proteins

2
Q

What other risk factors are there for developing cervical cancer?

A

Smoking Early age of onset of intercourse Multiple partners High risk male Oral contraceptive pill

3
Q

How does cervical cancer present?

A

Post coital bleeding Intermenstural bleeding Post menopausal bleeding. Acute renal failure

4
Q

How is cervical cancer staged?

A

Stage 1a-microscopic 1b- visible lesion 2a- vaginal involvement 2b- parametrial involvement 3-lower vagina or pelvic side wall 4- bladder/rectum or mets.

5
Q

These are the survival rates with cervical cancer.

A
6
Q

How do you treat cervical cancer?

A

Surgery- Large loop excision of transformation zone (LLETZ)

  • Fertility sparing- removal of cervix with sparing of the uterus.
  • Wertheim- removal of uterus, vagina and all parametrial structures.

Radiotherapy and chemo

7
Q

What is radiotherapy?

A

High energy X rays. They are targeted at the tumour and nodes.

8
Q

What is brachytherapy?

A

When doctors insert radioactive material into the point that needs destroyed e.g. the tumour. Then high dose radition is given to that area.

9
Q

How do you plan radiotherapy?

A

Need to examine under anaesthetic and marker seed insertion (these improve the accuracy of the radiotherapy).

CT is planned.

10
Q

What broad categories of chemotherapy may be used?

A

Neoadjuvant- in addition to other treatments.

Concomittant

Palliative

11
Q

Which drugs are used in chemotherapy for cervical tumours?

A

Cisplatin

Carboplatin/paclitaxol

12
Q

What is the mainstay of treatment for endometrial cancer?

A

Surgical.

13
Q

How do endometrial cancers present?

A

Post menopausal bleeding.

14
Q

What surgical treatments would they use for endometrial cancer?

A

Total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral saplingo-oophrectomy (basically removal of the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries) (TAH BSO)

15
Q

What is the role of radiotherapy in endometrial cancer?

A

Usually adjuvant therapy- vault brachytherapy or external beam.

16
Q

What is the role of chemotherapy in endometrial cancer?

A

Adjuvant. However depends on the grade.