Wk 2- Biochemistry (atoms) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Wk 2- Biochemistry (atoms) Deck (15)
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1
Q

Atom structure

Atoms are made of - , -, -

  • and - are inside the atoms nucleus
  • orbit on valence shells
    The combined amount of - ,- = the atomic mass
A

Protons , neutrons and electrons
Electrons
Protons and neutrons = atomic mass

2
Q

Atomic stability

Atoms want to be stable
Atoms with a - valence shell of electrons = - / inert, unreactive

Atoms without a - valence shell = - /-
Valence shells have an - number of electrons to be stable

A

Full , stable
Full, unstable, reactive
Even

3
Q

Valence shells

Usually have - rings / shells
- electrons in the first shell and - in the next 2 shells

Atoms can have up to 1- shells

A

3
2 electrons , 8 ,8
18 shells

4
Q

Reactivity

Atoms want to be stable.
To do this they -,- and - electrons.

A

Share , gain, lose

5
Q

Atomic structure

Protons carry a - charge
Neutrons carry a - charge
Electrons carry a - charge

A

Positive
Neutral
Negative

6
Q

Ions : the process of becoming stable
Gaining/ losing / sharing

Ions have an - - number of protons and electrons

Cation = ?charged
They have more - than - as they - electrons

Anion= ? charged
They have more - than - as they - electrons

A

Unequal
Positively
Protons , electrons , lose

Negatively
Electrons , protons , gain

7
Q

Chemical bonds

What are the 3 chemical bonds ?

A
  1. Ionic
  2. Covalent
  3. Hydrogen
8
Q

Ionic bonds

Are not strong bonds , they form between ions.
Ions are held together by an - charge
+ charged ions = ?
- charged ions = ?

A

Electrical
Cations
Anions

9
Q

Covalent bonds

Covalent bonds are the strongest bonds
They are the - common in the human body
Covalent bonds are made when 2+ atoms - electrons
Single covalent bonds = - electrons are shared
Double covalent bonds = - electrons are shared

A

Most
Share
2
4

10
Q

Covalent bonds

Can be either - or non -
- is - sharing of electrons
Non - is - sharing of electrons

A

Polar , non polar
Polar , unequal
Non polar , equal

11
Q

Sharing electrons
Polar bonds :

Unequal sharing of electrons
The larger atom has - time of the electron in the shell orbit which creates -/- areas of an atom
The larger atom dominates the - time

A

Most
+/-
Electrons

12
Q

Sharing electrons
Non polar bonds:

Non polar bonds have - sharing of the electron
Similar - atoms have - attraction

A

Equal

Size , equal

13
Q

Hydrogen bonds

Are the weakest bonds
They are the most - in - organisms
- molecules use hydrogen bonds
Negative and positive areas in the polar areas of atom attract each other (like a battery +-)

A

Important , biological

Polar

14
Q

Matter exists in three main states. What are they?
Atoms and molecules are composed of matter
S?
L?
G?

A

Solid
Liquid
Gas

15
Q
The human body contains 2? Elements. 
What are the main 4 elements?
1. C?
2. O?
3. H?
4. N?
A
26
Carbon
Oxygen
Hydrogen 
Nitrogen