Wk 4 Muscle Diseases Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Wk 4 Muscle Diseases Deck (17)
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1
Q

Neurogenic Atrophy

A

results in loss of checkerboard pattern of type 1 and type 2 muscle fibers, reinnvervation causes groups of muscles to be innervated in clumps

2
Q

Main molecule affected in muscular dystrophies and function

A

dystrophin–responsible for binding myofibrils to cell membrane

3
Q

Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) pathology

A

complete lack of dystrophin

4
Q

Becker Muscular Dystrophy (BMD)

A

modified dystrophin present

5
Q

Female carries of muscular dystrophy genes–what is so special?

A

elevated CK

6
Q

Genetics of muscular dystrophies

A

X-linked, 1/3 novel mutations

7
Q

What is myotomia

A

sustained involuntary contraction of a group of muscles

8
Q

Genetics of inherited myotomias

A

trinucleotide repeats

9
Q

Malignant hyperpyrexia pathology

A

group of diseases associated with ion channel mutations–> increased cytosolic Ca2+

malignant hyperthermia

10
Q

Dermatomyositis pathology

A

immunologic injury to small vessels in sk. muscle

often paraneoplastic syndrome

11
Q

Polymyositis

A

similar to dermatomyositis but w/o skin involvement

12
Q

Inclusion body myositis

A

begins in distal muscles (dermatomyositis and polymyositis begin in proximal muscles)

13
Q

Thyrotoxic myopathy

A

hyperthyroidism => hypertrophy (esp. around eyes)

hypothyroidism => atrophy

14
Q

Ethanol myopathy

A

acute rhabdomyolytis causes rapid breakdown of sk. muscle

15
Q

Drug induced myopathies, most common

A

Cushings Syndrome

16
Q

Myasthenia gravis, path and Tx

A

autoimmune destruction of AChR (85% found in serum)

Tx: anti-ACh-esterase inhibitors

17
Q

Lambert-Eaton Myasthenia Syndrome, path and Tx

A

autoimmune destruction of presynaptic Ca2+ channels

repeated stimulation increases muscle strength

often paraneoplastic (60% of time)