03/09h Lab Tools of Evidence-Based Medicine II Flashcards

1
Q

What is turnaround time?

A

The time interval between ordering a test (OR receiving a sample) and receiving/posting results
Varies based on the test, of course
Short - 10-15 minutes
Long - weeks to months

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2
Q

What are the three types of errors in laboratory data?

A

1) Pre-analytical
2) Analytical
3) Post-analytical

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3
Q

What are pre-analytical errors? What are some examples?

A

Errors and variables in the pre-laboratory analysis stage that can affect test results
Examples - patient variables, specimen collection techniques, sample identification, and specimen transport to the lab

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4
Q

What are some patient variables that can impact pre-analytical errors?

A
Age
Sex
Diet and exercise
Tobacco smoking
Stress
Posture
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5
Q

What is the number one pre-analytical error in the emergency department?

A

MISIDENTIFICATION of the patient or MISLABELING or a specimen!

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6
Q

What are some examples of blood collection-associated pre-analytical errors?

A

Hemolysis cause by a too-small needle or traumatic venipuncture
Hemoconcentration caused by an improperly-applied tourniquet
Collecting different samples in the wrong tubes, or collecting tubes in the wrong order

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7
Q

What types of samples require special post-collection handling?

A

Platelets - do not put in pneumatic tubes
Blood gas - place in ice water or coolant
Bilirubin level - protect from UV light

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8
Q

What are analytical errors?

A

Errors that occur in the lab - can occur during specimen processing, reagent storage or use, or performance of the test itself (instrumentation)

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9
Q

What are some possible post-analytical errors?

A

Lack of verification of lab results
Errors in manual transcription of lab results
Excessive turnaround time
Delays in clinician receipt, reading, and interpretation

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10
Q

What is a pre-pre-analytical error?

A

Ordering the wrong test or failing to order the right test

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11
Q

What is a post-post-analytical error?

A

Error in interpreting reported results properly

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