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Pharmacy > Asthma > Flashcards

Asthma Flashcards

1
Q

Which class of drugs is best for the immediate-phase response of an asthma attack

A

bronchodilators

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2
Q

Which class of drugs is best for the late phase response of an asthma attack

A

anti-inflammatory drugs

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3
Q

Drugs that can trigger an asthma attack

A

cardioselective and nonselective beta blockers, calcium antagonists, dipyridamole, NSAIDs

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4
Q

Long term control asthma medications

A 
corticosteroids
LABA
leuktriene modifiers
methylxanthines
cromolyn
anti IgE
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5
Q

Quick relief for asthma

A

SABA
anticholinergics
systemic corticosteroids

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6
Q

This class of drug depresses the inflammatory response and edema in the respiratory tract and diminishes bronchial hyper-responsiveness

A

ICS

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7
Q

This class is the most effective long term control therapy for persistent asthma and is the only therapy shown to reduce the risk of death from asthma

A

ICS

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8
Q

CAUTION in growing children

A

ICS

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9
Q

Local ADRs include thrush , dysphonia, reflex cough and bronchospasm

A

ICS

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10
Q

Systemic effects could potentially include HPA axis suppression, impaired growth in children and dermal thinning (dose dependent)

A

ICS

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11
Q

ICS messes with BMD, cataracts, and glaucoma in kids. T or F

A

FALSE! ICS at low to moderate dose is safe!

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12
Q

This class is not a substitute for anti-inflam therapy and should not be used as monotherapy. Not for acute exacerbations

A

LABA

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13
Q

This class causes loss of protection with methacholine, histamine, and exercise

A

LABA

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14
Q

This class should not be used with CYP3A4 inhibitors- ketoconazole, ritonavir, atazanavir, clarithromycin, indinavir, itraconazole, nefazodone, nelfinavir, saquinavir, telithromycin

A

LABA

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15
Q

This class of drug competitively antagonizes leukotriene receptors D4 and E4 in the bronchiolar muscle, antagonizing endogenous molecules that cause bronchodilation

A

leukotriene receptor antagonists

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16
Q

this class is an alternative treatment of mild persistent asthma

A

LRA

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17
Q

CONTRAINDICATIONS in pregnancy, caution in elderly

A

LRA

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18
Q

These two LRAs are associated with liver toxicity, contraindicated in pts with liver disease

A

Zileuton and Zafirlukast

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19
Q

this class can cause GI disturbances, HA, respiratory infections

A

LRAs (zafirlukast and montelukast for resp infections)

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20
Q

this LRA interacts with warfarin, increasing prothrombin time

A

zafirlukast

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21
Q

this LRA doubles theophylline concentration, increases prothrombin time (warfarin), and doubles propranolol levels

A

zileuton

22
Q

this class increases cAMP levels in the bronchial smooth muscle cells inhibiting phosphodiesterase- causes smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation

A

Methylxanthines

23
Q

This class is indicated in refractory patients. It can be used as monotherapy or in combo with an ICS

A

methylxanthines

24
Q

Dont use this class if you are a child under 4, have cardiac disease, HTN, or hepatic impairment

A

methylxanthines

25
Q

This class has a narrow theraputic window, tons of drug-drug interactions, and safer alternatives

A

methylxanthines

26
Q

This class interacts with cimetidine, macrolides, quinolones and is a CYP1A2 and 3A4 substrate

A

methylxanthines

27
Q

this class can cause nausea, irritability, insomnia, HA, vomiting, tachyarrhythmias, ventricular arrhythmias, seizures

A

methylxanthines

28
Q

this class stabilizes mast cells preventing the release of inflammatory mediators

A

mast cell stabilizers

29
Q

indications for this class include patients less than 20 with severe allergic disease and moderate asthma OR pregnancy

A

mast cell stabilizers

30
Q

ADRs for this class include cough, transient bronchospasm, throat irritation

A

mast cell stabilizer

31
Q

this class is reserved for moderate to severe persistent asthma in patients 12 or older who are not controlled on other therapies (not first line therapy)

A

omalizumab

32
Q

this drug works bc it is a recombinant monoclonal antibody that binds IgE on mast cells and basophils, so it limits the release of mediators of allergic response

A

omalizumab

33
Q

this drug has a favorable safety profile, but a BBW for anaphylaxis

A

omalizumab

34
Q

this class decreases inflammation by suppression of migration of leukocytes and reversal of increased capillary permeability

A

systemic corticosteroids

35
Q

this class is used for control of chronic symptoms in people with severe asthma

A

systemic corticosteroids

36
Q

this class stimulates b2 adrenoceptors, leading to a rise in intracellular cAMP- subsequent smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation

A

SABA

37
Q

this class is indicated for relief of bronchospasm during acute exacerbations, and pretreatment for exercise induced bronchoconstriction

A

SABA

38
Q

ADRs include fine tremor, tachycardia, hypokalemia

A

SABA

39
Q

this class is indicated for relief of acute bronchospasm, can provide additive effects to B2 agonists in an acute setting

A

anticholinergics

40
Q

treatment of choice for bronchospasm due to B blockers

A

anticholinergics

41
Q

Contraindicated in glaucoma and pregnancy

A

anticholinergics

42
Q

this class is important in the treatment of severe acute asthma exacerbations

A

systemic corticosteroids

43
Q

mild intermittent asthma treatment

A

SABA

44
Q

mild persistent asthma treatment

A

low dose ICS, SABA

45
Q

moderate persistent asthma treatment

A

low dose ICS, LABA, SABA

46
Q

severe persistent asthma treatment

A

medium or high dose ICS, LABA, oral glucocorticosteroid (SABA)

47
Q

COPD pts get adequate relief from bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory agents. T or F

A

F

48
Q

primary therapy for COPD

A

oxygen

49
Q

Should I administer O2 to a pt with severe COPD who is retaining CO2

A

NOPE- depresses resp drive

50
Q

DOC in COPD patients

A

anticholinergic agents (beta 2 agonists should be combined)

51
Q

antibiotics can be used in a COPD patient when?

A

increased dyspnea, increased sputum volume, increased sputum purulence

Pharmacy (22 decks)

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