Cartilage Tissue - Downing

Question 1

Bone and Cartilage Differences?

Answer 1

Bone matrix mineralizes; cartilage mineralization leads to degeneration

Cartilage is avascular; bone is vascular

Cartilage lacks innervation

Cartilage growth is appositional and interstitial; bone grows appositionally

Question 2

Chondroblasts vs chondrocytes?

Answer 2

Chondroblasts
-Active cells

Chondrocytes
-Quiescent or relatively inactive

Question 3

What is the space called where cartilage cells reside?

Answer 3

Lacunae

Question 4

What makes up the cartilage matrix?

Answer 4

60-80% water
Proteoglycan aggrecan
Hyaluronic acid
(Helps form proteoglycan aggregates)

Extremely hydrophilic: binds Na+, water and produces a stiff gel

Question 5

3 types of cartilage:

What types of collagen are each made up of?

Answer 5

Hyaline cartilage
(type 2)
Elastic cartilage
(type 2)
Fibrocartilage
(type 1)

Question 6

Most of the fetal skeleton is laid down in what cartilage?

Answer 6

Hyaline cartilage

Question 7

Where do you find elastic cartilage? How do you differentiate it form hyaline cartilage?

Answer 7

Location: ear-related structures, epiglottis, part of larynx

BOTH have type 2 collagen, elastic cartilage is more cellular, elastic fibers

Question 8

How can you differentiate fibrocartilage from hyaline and elastic cartilage?

Answer 8

Linear rather than globular clumpy organization
Type 1 collagen
NO perichondrium

Question 9

Where do you find fibrocartilage?

Answer 9

The annulus fibrosis of the intervertebral disks!