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Oncology Nutrition > Chapter 20: Nutrition Management of GI Cancers > Flashcards

Chapter 20: Nutrition Management of GI Cancers Flashcards

1
Q

Nutrients absorbed in the ileum

A 
Vitamin C
Folate
Vitamin B-12
Vitamin D and K
Magnesium
Bile salts and acids
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2
Q

Nutrients absorbed in the duodenum

A 
Ca
Phos
Mg
iron
Copper selenium, thiamin, riboflavin, biotin, folate, Vit A, D, E, K
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3
Q

Nutrients absorbed in the jejunum

A

Thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, biotin, folate, B6, C, A, D, E, K, Ca, Phos, mg, iron, zinc, chromium, manganese, lipids, monosaccharides, amino acids, small peptides

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4
Q

Nutrients absorbed in the stomach

A

Eater, alcohol, copper, iodine, fluoride

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5
Q

Nutrients absorbed in the large intestine

A

Water, vitamin K, biotin, Na, Chloride, potassium, short chain fatty acids

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6
Q

_____ is the 7th leading cause of death in the US

A

gastric cancer

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7
Q

Survival rates of gastric cancer in the US

A

5 year >70% at stage 1
5 year 4% at stage IV
Overall 5 year 28% worsening with age >60 and tumors>5 cm or poorly differentiated

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8
Q

The majority of gastric cancers are ____

A

adenocarcinomas

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9
Q

Leading cause of gastric cancers, especially in the distal stomach

A

H. pylori

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10
Q

Risk factors for cancer in cardia/GEJ

A

Being overweight or obese

GERD

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11
Q

Risk factors for cancer in both cardia/non-cardia

A

Heavy alcohol intake
Smoking or other tobacco products
Lack of physical activity

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12
Q

Risk factors for cancer in non-cardia

A 
chronic H. pylori infection
Hypochlorhydria
Atrophic gastritis
autoimmune disorders
Prior stomach surgeries
Hx of childhood malnutrition
salted and smoked foods (meats, fish, and pickled vegetables)
Low intake of fruits and vegetables (particularly beta-carotene and vitamin C)
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13
Q

Frequent metastasis of gastric cancer

A

liver, lung, bone

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14
Q

Signs and symptoms of gastric cancer

A

Early satiety, heartburn, abd pain or discomfort, anorexia, unintended wt loss, anemia related to impaired iron absorption

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15
Q

Percent of individuals with malnutrition and wt loss with gastric cancer

A

> 70%

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16
Q

Diagnostic workup for gastric cancer

A

Upper endoscopy with biopsy, HER2/neu testing, EUS, CT scan, PET scan

17
Q

Tx for gastric cancer

A

chemotherapy, biotherapy, radiation, surgery

18
Q

NIS associated with gastric cancer tx

A

anorexia, N,V, gastric pain, wt loss

19
Q

Surgeries for gastric cancer

A

Billroth I (gastroduodenostomy), Billroth II (gastrojejunostomy), partial gastric resection, and Rouex-en-Y

20
Q

Chemos used for gastric cancer

A 
Capecitabine (Xeloda), N,V,D
Carboplatin (Paraplatin) N,V,
Cisplatin (Platinol), N,V,D, taste
Docetaxel (taxotere), N, V, D, mucositis
Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) N,V,D, anorexia, mucositis
Epirubicin (Ellence) N,V,D, mucositis
Fluorouracil (5-FU) N,V,D, mucositis
Irinotecan (Camptosar) anorexia, N,V,D
Mitomycin (Mytamycin) anorexia, N,V,D, mucositis
Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin)V,D,N, mucositis
Paclitaxel (taxol), N,V,D,mucositis
21
Q

Chemos used for colon cancer

A 
Capecitabine (Xeloda), N,V,D
Cisplatin (Platinol), N,V,D, taste
Fluorouracil (5-FU) N,V,D, mucositis
Irinotecan (Camptosar) anorexia, N,V,D
Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin)V,D,N, mucositis
Ziv-albercept (Zaltrap) anorexia, D, mucositis
22
Q

Chemos used for gallbladder cancer

A 
Capecitabine (Xeloda), N,V,D
Cisplatin (Platinol), N,V,D, taste
Fluorouracil (5-FU) N,V,D, mucositis
Gemcitabine (Gemzar) D, mucositis
Oxaliplatin (Eloxatin)V,D,N, mucositis
23
Q

Chemos used for hepatocellular cancer

A

Cisplatin (Platinol), N,V,D, taste
Doxorubicin (Adriamycin) N,V,D, anorexia, mucositis
Fluorouracil (5-FU) N,V,D, mucositis

24
Q

Chemos used for anal cancer

A

Cisplatin (Platinol), N,V,D, taste
Fluorouracil (5-FU) N,V,D, mucositis
Mitomycin (Mytamycin) anorexia, N,V,D, mucositis

25
Q

NIS of radiation therapy to stomach, liver, and gallbladder

A

abd pain, N,V, urinary and bladder changes, D, changes in appetite, anorexia, fatigue

26
Q

NIS of radiation therapy to small intestine, colon, and rectum

A

D, gas, bloating, urinary and bladder changes, proctitis, changes in appetite, anorexia, and fatigue

27
Q

Biotherapies used for colon cancer

A

Bevacizumab (Avastin) anorexia, N,V,D,C,M
Cetuximab (Erbitux) A,N,V,D
Panitumumab (Vectibix) A, N,V,D,M
Regorafenib (Stivarga), A, N,V,D, M

28
Q

Biotherapies used for gallbladder cancer

A

Bevacizumab (Avastin) anorexia, N,V,D,C,M
Cetuximab (Erbitux) A,N,V,D
Trastuzumab (herceptin) N,V,D

29
Q

Biotherapies used for hepatocelluar cancer

A

Sorafenib (Nexavar) A,V,N,D

30
Q

Biotherapies used for gastric cancer

A

Trastuzumab (herceptin) N,V,D

Oncology Nutrition (8 decks)

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