Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Head and Neck Missing Sessions > Cranial Nerves And Autonomic Innervation > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves And Autonomic Innervation Flashcards

1
Q

What is the function of CN II

A

Optic nerve - sensory

Sight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the function of CN III

A

Oculomotor - motor

Innervates extraocular muscles (except LR, SO)
Innervates ciliary muscles and sphincter pupillae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the function of CN IV

A

Trochlear nerve - Motor

Innervates Superior Oblique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the function of CN V

A

Trigeminal nerve - sensory motor (3 divisions)

Ophthalmic - Sensory - skin, corneal reflex
Maxillary - Sensory - skin, nose, palate, upper teeth
Mandibular - Sensory - skin, lower teeth, cheek, anterior 2/3 tongue. Motor - mastication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the function of CN VI

A

Abducens nerve - motor

Innervates Lateral Rectus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the function of CN VII

A

Facial nerve - sensory motor

Special Sensory - Taste of anterior 2/3 tongue
General Sensory - External acoustic meatus, auricle
Motor - Muscles of facial expression; parasympathetic secretomotor to submandibular and sublingual salivary glands, lacrimal glands, nasal mucosa, paranasal sinuses, palate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the function of CN VIII

A

Vestibulocochlear nerve - sensory

Special Sensory - Balance (vestibular) and hearing (cochlear)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the function of CN IX

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve - sensory motor

Special Sensory - taste to posterior 1/3 tongue
General Sensory - pharynx, palate, auditory tube, mastoid, carotid body and sinus
Motor - Stylopharyngeus, parasympathetic secretomotor to parotid salivary gland

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the function of CN X

A

Vagus nerve - sensory motor

Special Sensory - taste at epiglottis
General Sensory - lower pharynx, larynx, external auditory meatus, back of auricle
Motor - muscles of pharynx (except stylopharyngeus), airways, larynx, heart, GI, palate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of CN XI

A

Spinal Accessory Nerve - motor

Innervates pharynx, larynx, soft palate, trapezius, sternocleidomastoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the function of CN XII

A

Hypoglossal nerve - motor

Innervation of tongue (except palatoglossus)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How can CN I be damaged

A

Cribiform plate fracture

Causes anosmia. Can be associated with CSF rhinorrhea

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

How can CN II be damaged

A

Trauma to eye / orbit; optic canal fracture / pressure

Can cause loss of pupillary constriction and visual field defects

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

How can CN III be damaged

A

Cavernous sinus fracture, aneurysm

Can present with dilated pupil, ptosis, eye turned down and out

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How can CN IV be damaged

A

Stretching of nerve, orbit fractures

Causes inability to look down and in

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

How can CN V be damaged

A

Nerve lesions

Can cause muscle paralysis and sharp facial pain

17
Q

How can CN VI be damaged

A

Cavernous sinus fractures, orbit fractures

Eye fails to move laterally

18
Q

How can CN VII be damaged

A

Laceration in parotid region: Bell’s Palsy, facial paralysis, eye open, forehead doesn’t wrinkle

Fracture of temporal bone: Bell’s Palsy, dry cornea, loss of taste in ant. 2/3 tongue

Intracranial haematoma: forehead wrinkles due to frontalis involvement

19
Q

How can CN VIII be damaged

A

Skull fracture, ear infection, acoustic neuroma

Progressive hearing loss, tinnitus, vertigo

20
Q

How can CN IX be damaged

A

Deep neck lacerations

Loss of taste to post. 1/3 tongue

21
Q

How can CN X be damaged

A

Nerve lesions in neck affect recurrent laryngeal branch, causing hoarseness of voice

Thyroidectomy can damage superior laryngeal branch

22
Q

How can CN XI be damaged

A

Surgery / lacerations in neck, causing paralysis of SCM and superior trapezius, thus shoulder droop

23
Q

How can CN XII be damaged

A

Neck laceration and basal skull fracture

Tongue deviates towards affected side

24
Q

What is the location of the Sympathetic Trunk

A

Anterolateral to vertebral column
Lying on prevertebral fascia and muscles
Deep to carotid sheath

25
Q

Where do fibres travel from the Superior Cervical Ganglion

A

With external and internal carotid arteries to:

Pharyngeal plexus
Upper 4 cervical nerves
Cardiac plexus

26
Q

Where do fibres travel from the Middle Cervical Ganglion

A

With the inferior thyroid artery to

5th and 6th cervical nerves
Cardiac plexus

27
Q

Where do fibres travel from the Inferior Cervical Ganglion

A

With the vertebral artery to

7th and 8th cervical nerves
Cardiac plexus

28
Q

What are the 4 pairs of parasympathetic ganglia in the head

A

Ciliary ganglion
Pterygopalatine ganglion
Submandibular ganglion
Otic ganglion

29
Q

Which 4 cranial nerves have parasympathetic brainstem nuclei

A

Oculomotor (Branches to Ciliary ganglion)

Facial (Branches to Pterygopalatine / Submandibular ganglia)

Glossopharyngeal (Branches to Otic ganglion)

Vagus (No associated ganglion)

30
Q

Where is the Ciliary Ganglion found

Where does it send fibres

A

Orbital cavity

Parasympathetic: sphincter papillae, ciliary muscles
Sympathetic: eyeball

31
Q

Where is the Pterygopalatine Ganglion found

Where does it send fibres

A

Lies in the Pterygopalatine fossa

Parasympathetic: lacrimal glands, glands of nose, palate, nasopharynx
Sympathetic: nose, palate, nasopharynx

32
Q

Where is the Submandibular Ganglion found

Where does it send fibres

A

Suspended from lingual nerve

Parasympathetic: submandibular and sublingual glands, glands in floor of oral cavity
Sympathetic: glands in floor of oral cavity

33
Q

Where is the Otic Ganglion found

Where does it send fibres

A

Located in the infratemporal fossa

Parasympathetic: parotid gland
Sympathetic: parotid gland

34
Q

What is Horner’s Syndrome?

A

Interruption of a cervical sympathetic trunk

Causes absence of sympathetically stimulated functions on ipsilateral side

35
Q

What is the presentation of Horner’s Syndrome?

A

Miosis (contracted pupil)

Ptosis (due to superior tarsal paralysis)

Vasodilation

Anhydrosis (absence of sweating)

36
Q

What is the function of CN I

A

Olfactory nerve - sensory

Special sensory fibres for smell

Head and Neck Missing Sessions (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions