Disability Flashcards
Legislation stating that “a person has a disability if he/she has a physical or mental impairment, and the impairment has a substantial and long-term adverse effect on his/her ability to carry out normal day-to-day activities”.
Equality Act 2010.
What is the medical model of disability?
Viewing disability as a result of one’s physical condition and curing/managing such a condition depends on identifying it and understanding it.
Why is the medical model of disability flawed?
Disregards holistic view and influence of external environment on someone’s disability.
What is the social model of disability?
Identifying systemic barriers, negative attitudes and social exclusion of disabled people. Ultimately infers society is main contributory factor in disabling people.
Belief that e.g. physical/sensory/intellectual variation does not have to lead to disability unless society fails to make inclusions for these people.
Why is the social model of disability flawed?
Fails to account for medical problems that can be disabling to an individual.
What is the biopsychosocial model?
WHO deems most appropriate. Combines medical and social models to consider disability dynamic: a combination of health conditions, contextual factors - personal and environmental.
What are the three interconnected elements of the biopsychosocial model?
- Impairments.
- Activity limitation.
- Participation restrictions.
What are impairments?
Difficulties in body function/structure.
What are activity limitations?
Difficulty executing specific activities typically due to physical impairment.
What are participation restrictions?
Problems with involvement in any area of society/community.
Why is giving information and advice regarding health promotion initiatives important to those with disability?
They are more likely to engage in health risk behaviours e.g. smoking, drinking, alcohol, drugs, lack of exercise.
Why should those with disabilities be targeted for preventative campaigns?
As they are less likely to receive screening and preventative services.
Give an example of a physical barrier to someone with a disability?
- No ramps, inaccessible bathrooms, no parking spaces.
- Medical equipment unsuitable for someone with physical impairment.
- Inaccessible transport.
What are the consequences of unmet health needs for those with disability?
- Poorer health.
- Limited activity.
- Restricted participation.
- Lower quality of life.
