General Chemistry Chapter 6: Equilibrium Flashcards
What do reversible reactions reach?
A state in which energy is minimized and entropy is maximized
DYNAMIC
Reactions are always occuring, just at a constant state
What is the law of mass action?
gives the expression for the equilibrium constant, Keq. The reaction quotient Q has the same form but can be calculated at any concentration of reactant and products
What is Keq constant at?
At a temperature
What states are part of the law of mass action?
Only gasses and aqueous species
If Q
G
If Q = Keq
G = 0 and reaction is in dynamic equilibrium
If Q > Keq
G > 0 and reaction proceeds
What is Le Chatelier’s principle?
states that when a chemical system experiences a stress, it will react so as to restore equilibrium
What are the three main types of stressors to a system?
changes in concentration, pressure and volume and temperature
Increasing the concentration of reactants or decreasing products
Shifts to the right
Increasing the concentration of the products or decreasing reactants
Shifts to the right
Increasing pressure
Shifts toward side with fewer moles of gas
Decreasing pressure
Shifts toward side with more moles of gas
Increasing temperature of an endothermic reaction
Shift to the right
