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GI--Wk 4 > GI Parasites > Flashcards

GI Parasites Flashcards

1
Q

Big 3 GI protazoan

A

Giardia (fatty stools from wilderness adventures)
Cryptosporidium (severe in AIDS)
Entoamoeba (blood diarrhea from slums)

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2
Q

Giardia Dx

A

detection of cysts in fecal matter

trophocytes in lumen

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3
Q

Sx of giardia

A

foul smelling, fatty diarrhea (KADE loss)

flatulence

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4
Q

Giardia Tx

A

metronidazole

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5
Q

Mechanism of giardia infection

A

loss of absorbativce surface area 2˚ to parasite presence

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6
Q

Cryptosporidium hosts

A

immunocompromised

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7
Q

Cryptosporidium Dx

A

oocytes in watery diarrhea

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8
Q

Cryptosporidium Sx

A

watery, frequent, nonbloody diarrhea

sometimes fever and nausea

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9
Q

Cryptosporidium outbreaks

A

pools

failed water cleaning systems

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10
Q

Entamoeba histolytica

story

A

tropical and subtropical regions

male homosexuals in US

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11
Q

Presenting Sx in entamoeba histolytica

A

bloody, mucous-y

right lobe liver abscess, anchovy-paste exudate

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12
Q

Amebic hepatitis

A

entamoeba histolytica
via blood invasion
single abscess in right liver lobe

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13
Q

Metronidazole, Tinidazole
MOA
TU
Tox

A

MOA: metabolites cause free radical damage and strand breaks in DNA
TU: Giardia
Tox: disulfuram

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14
Q

Nitazoxanide
MOA
PK
TU

A

MOA: inhibits pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase e- transfer, essential for anaerobic metabolism
PK: rapid metabolism to tizoxanide, remains lumenal
TU: cryptosporidium

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15
Q 
Iodoquinol
MOA
PK
TU
Tox
A

MOA: unknown
PK: lumenal
TU: enamoeba
Tox: messes up thyroid tests, loss of visual acuity

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16
Q

Paromycin
MOA
PK
Tox

A

MOA: aminoglycocide, binds 30S and prevents mRNA misreading and stops translocation
PK: remains lumenal, low absorption
Tox: nephrotox, ototox (esp w/ loop diuretics), neuromuscular blockagde, teratogen

17
Q

Enterobius vermicularis
disease
presentation
Dx

A

pinworm
perianal pruritis in daycare kids
scotch tape test for eggs in morning

18
Q

Necator americanus/Ancylostoma duodenale
disease
presentation
Dx

A

hookworm
iron deficiency anemia
stool sample

19
Q

Stronglyoides stercoralis
disease
presentation
Dx

A

threadworm
emesis, diarrhea, epigastric pain
stool sample

20
Q

Trichinella spiralis
disease
presentation
Dx

A

trichinosis
bloody diarrhea, myalgias (barrels into striated muscle)
barrel-shaped eggs in feces

21
Q

Ascaris lumbricoides

A

giant roundworm

obstruction @ ileocecal valve

22
Q 
Bendazoles
(albendazole, mebendazole)
MOA
PK
Tox
A

MOA: bind β-tubulin, inhibits microtubule formation
PK: lumenal
Tox: teratogen

23
Q

Pyrantel pamoate, levamisole
MOA
PK

A

MOA: ACh –> increase Ca2+ –> contraction paralysis
PK: lumenal

24
Q

Ivermectin
Class
MOA
TU

A

Class: macrolytic lactone
MOA: binds Glu-gated ion channels –> deactivation –> starvation
TU: Strongyloides

25
Q

Taenia solium

A

undercooked pork

26
Q

Diphyllobothrium latum

A

B12 deficiency

from fish

27
Q

Echinococcus granulosus

A

hydatid cysts in liver

anaphylaxis when released from liver

28
Q

Praziquantel
MOA
TU

A

MOA: increase permeability to divalent cations
TU: tapeworms and flukes

29
Q

Schitosoma

A

liver and spleen enlargement
GI, urogenital (bladder adenocarcinoma), or swimmer’s itch
mechanism: immune response to parasite

GI--Wk 4 (11 decks)

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