Microbiology

Question 1

how do you diagnose a throat infection

Answer 1

throat swab

Question 2

what would you give for a throat infection

Answer 2

NOT ANTIBIOTICS as usually viral

Question 3

what is the most common throat infection

Answer 3

strep pyogenes

Question 4

what is bacterial sore throat clinically called

Answer 4

acute follicular tonsillitis

Question 5

how do you treat acute follicular tonsillitis

Answer 5

oral penicillin (clarithromycin if pen allergic)

Question 6

what are complications of streptococcal sore throat

Answer 6

peritonsillar abscess, sinusitis/ ottis media and scarlet fever

Question 7

what is quinsy

Answer 7

an abscess in tonsil region

Question 8

what are late complications of streptococcal sore throat

Answer 8

rheumatic fever, glomerulonephritis

Question 9

What is diphtheria

Answer 9

severe sore throat with grey membrane across pharynx- neurotoxic and cardiotoxic

Question 10

what is treatment for diptheria

Answer 10

vaccine, antitoxin/ supportive and penicillin

Question 11

what causes thrush/ candida

Answer 11

endogenous, white patches on red mucous membrane

Question 12

how do you treat candida

Answer 12

nystatin topically

Question 13

what is acute otitis media

Answer 13

upper resp infection involving middle ear by extension of infection up the eustachian tube

Question 14

what presents with acute otitis media

Answer 14

earache

Question 15

what is the most common bacterial infection of middle ear

Answer 15

haemophilia influenza, strep pneumonia and strep pyogenes

Question 16

how do you diagnose middle ear infeciton

Answer 16

swab of pus if perforated

Question 17

what is treatment for acute otitis media

Answer 17

nothing, but if bad amoxicillin or clarithromycin

Question 18

what is acute sinusitis

Answer 18

mild discomfort over sinuses due to congestion with viral URTI

Question 19

what does severe pain nd tenderness with nasal discharge indicate?

Answer 19

secondary bacterial infection

Question 20

in acute sinusitis where indicated, what should treatment be

Answer 20

nothing unless penicillin or doxycycline

Question 21

what is otitis externa

Answer 21

inflammation of external ear

Question 22

what are common causes of otitis externa

Answer 22

staph aureus, aspergillus niger

Question 23

what would you use to treat a fungal infection of otitis externa

Answer 23

clotrimazole

Question 24

what would you use for pseudomonas infection

Answer 24

gentamicin

Question 25

how does glandular fever present

Answer 25

fever, enlarged lymph nodes, sore throat, pharyngitis and tonsilitis

Question 26

what causes glandular fever

Answer 26

abstain barr virus, herpes

Question 27

how do you treat glandular fever

Answer 27

bed rest, paracetamol, avoid sport, corticosteroids (sometimes)

Question 28

Which type of herpes simplex virus causes oral lesions

Answer 28

type 1

Question 29

which type of HSV is acquired during childhood

Answer 29

type 1

Question 30

what age group get primary gingivostomatitis

Answer 30

pre school children

Question 31

how do you treat gingivostomatitis

Answer 31

aciclovir

Question 32

what is herpetic whitlow

Answer 32

occupational hazard of dentists and anesthetists

Question 33

how do you prevent herpetic whitlow

Answer 33

use gloves

Question 34

what causes herpangina

Answer 34

coxackie virus

Question 35

what is hand foot and mouth caused by

Answer 35

coxackie virus

Question 36

what is chancre

Answer 36

a painless ulcer

Question 37

where is the most common site of syphilis

Answer 37

genital

Question 38

what is the main symptom of syphilis

Answer 38

painless ulcer