Norton Part 10

Question 1

scabies is caused by an infection with

Answer 1

sarcoptes scabiei

Question 2

scabies in common in what patients

Answer 2

school age children
nursing home patients
less developed countries

Question 3

patients who present with the worst itch they have ever had most likely have?

Answer 3

scabies

Question 4

scabies spares what parts of the body

Answer 4

head
neck
palms
soles

Question 5

scabies is commonly found at what sites

Answer 5

finger webs
wrists
penis

Question 6

what is seen on the skin from scabies

Answer 6

linear burrows with a dark dot at one end representing path of female mite in skin
small inflammatory papule and excoriations predominate

Question 7

what causes the intense itching in scabies and when does it usually occur

Answer 7

usually at night

eggs and feces deposited in tunnel left in epidermis cause a Type IV hypersensitivity reaction

Question 8

how is scabies diagnosed

Answer 8

look for burrows on hands and wrists
suspect in anyone with persistent, generalized, severe pruritis
confirm diagnosis by scraping burrow with a scalpel (look under microscope)
oil preparation

Question 9

what is a xanthelasma (xanthoma)

Answer 9

collection of macrophages containing lipid droplets

Question 10

what are xanthelasma (xanthoma) commonly associated with

Answer 10

familial hyperlipidemias
nephrotic syndrome
myeloma
pancreatitis
thyroid disease
primary biliary cirrhosis
may be isolated finding

Question 11

single gray-blue lesion over lumbosacral area is seen in what

Answer 11

mongolian spot

Question 12

in mongolian spot where are the melanocytes

Answer 12

dermis instead of epidermis

may be neural crest cells interrupted in migration

Question 13

what is a cherry angioma

Answer 13

bright red, domed, vascular lesions on trunk

benign and increase with age

Question 14

what is the most common tumor of infancy

Answer 14

hemangioma of infancy

more common in premature caucasian girls

Question 15

what is hemangioma of infancy

Answer 15

bengin tumor of hyper plastic blood vessels

Question 16

with hemangioma of infancy occurs what must one do with the parents

Answer 16

give them lots of reassurance

Question 17

when does one treat a hemangioma of infancy

Answer 17

if it blocks ears, eyes larynx only otherwise it will regress naturally by age 10

Question 18

what are the 3 phases of hair development

Answer 18

anagen (growing: 2-3 years)
catagen (involution: 2-3 weeks)
telogen (resting: 3-4 months and ends with shedding of hair)

Question 19

androgenetic alopecia involves what

Answer 19

scalp 5-alpha-reductase activity and androgenic effects of dihydrotestosterone produced

Question 20

what kind of alopecia is caused by tinea captious (ringworm)

Answer 20

isolated pruritic lesion on scalp with central clearing

Question 21

telogen effluvium causes what kind of alopecia

Answer 21

diffuse decrease in hair density due to rapid conversion of anagen to telogen hair
precipitate by stressful events, illness, fever, pregnancy

Question 22

alopecia aerate is what kind of disorder and causes what

Answer 22

autoimmune

causes patchy or diffuse hair loss

Question 23

chediak higashi syndrome can lead to what skin disorder

Answer 23

albinism

Question 24

albinism is due to what

Answer 24

complete absence of tyrosinase

Question 25

wiskott-aldrich is has what pattern of inheritance

Answer 25

X-linked

Question 26

what is seen in wiskott-aldrich syndrome

Answer 26

immunodeficiency
eczema
thrombocytopenia
combined B and T cell disorder