Pharm Final 1A

Question 1

Paradoxical bradycardia may occur if atropine is given:

A. in doses less than 0.1 mg.  	
B. in doses greater than 2 mg. 	
C. too rapidly. 	
D. for acetylcholinesterase inhibition.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Unlike Schedule I drugs, Schedule II drugs have:

A. no accepted medical application. 	
B. accepted medical uses.  	
C. limited dependence potential. 	
D. a higher abuse potential.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

A patient takes 500 mg of a medication that has a half-life of 2 hours. How much medication will be in the patient’s body after 6 hours?

A. 250 mg 	
B. 125 mg 	
C. 31.25 mg 	
D. 62.5 mg

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following medications possesses positive inotropic effects, allows the cellular uptake of glucose, and is used in the treatment of hyperkalemia?

A. Glucophage 	
B. Insulin  	
C. Clopidogrel 	
D. Osmitrol

Answer 4

B

Question 5

All of the following are common sites for emergency IO cannulation, EXCEPT the:

A. iliac crest.  	
B. proximal tibia. 	
C. manubrium. 	
D. proximal humerus.

Answer 5

A

Question 6

Stimulation of alpha-1 receptors results in:

A. glucagon secretion. 	
B. vasoconstriction.  	
C. insulin secretion. 	
D. arterial dilation.

Answer 6

B

Question 7

Decreased efficacy or potency of a medication when taken repeatedly by a patient is called:

A. tolerance.  	
B. immunity. 	
C. habituation. 	
D. addiction.

Answer 7

A

Question 8

Medication X is given to increase the effects of medication Y, which provides more relief than if medication Y were given alone. This is an example of:

A. synergism. 	
B. potentiation.  	
C. summation. 	
D. antagonism.

Answer 8

B

Question 9

The process that the cells of large medication molecules use to ingest intracellular fluids and their contents is called:

A. filtration. 	
B. osmosis. 	
C. pinocytosis.  	
D. phagocytosis.

Answer 9

C

Question 10

A drug is assigned a pregnancy category “A” if:

A.	studies in animals have revealed adverse effects on the fetus and there are no  controlled studies in women, or studies in women and animals are not available. 	
B. there is evidence of fetal risk based on human experience, and the risk of using the  drug in pregnant women clearly outweighs any possible benefit. 	
C.	controlled studies in women fail to demonstrate a risk to the fetus in the first  trimester, there is no evidence of risk in later trimesters, and the possibility  of fetal harm appears remote.  	
D. there is positive evidence of human fetal risk, but the benefits from use in pregnant  women may be acceptable despite the documented risk.

Answer 10

C

Question 11

In order to cause a negative inotropic effect on the heart, you would have to administer a :

A. alpha-2 adrenergic agonist. 	
B. alpha-1 adrenergic antagonist. 	
C. beta-2 adrenergic agonist. 	
D. beta-1 adrenergic antagonist.

Answer 11

D

Question 12

Most medication biotransformation occurs in the:

A. kidneys. 	
B. GI tract. 	
C. liver.  	
D. lungs.

Answer 12

C

Question 13

Stimulation of alpha-2 receptors:

A. causes profound systemic hypertension. 	
B. increases the release of norepinephrine. 	
C. constricts the vascular smooth muscle. 	
    D. suppresses the release of norepinephrine.

Answer 13

D

Question 14

Under normal conditions, the renin-angiotensin system functions by:

A.	dilating the systemic vasculature and reducing cardiac afterload when arterial  blood pressure increases. 	
B. blocking alpha-2 receptors, thereby increasing the release of norepinephrine and  raising blood pressure. 	
C. promoting vasoconstriction and fluid retention in response to hypotension or  hypoperfusion.  	
D. stimulating alpha-1 receptors, thereby increasing the blood pressure in response to  acute blood loss.

Answer 14

C

Question 15

The United States Pharmacopeia (USP) recommended temperature range for MOST medications in the prehospital setting is:

A. 55°F to 86°F.  	
B. 45°F to 80°F. 	
C. 60°F to 90°F. 	
D. 40°F to 76°F.

Answer 15

A

Question 16

The paramedic should suspect altered medication metabolism in a patient with:

A. acute pancreatitis. 	
B. chronic alcoholism.  	
C. hypertension. 	
D. chronic alcoholism.

Answer 16

B&D

Question 17

A/an __________________ agent is used to increase the pH of the serum or urine?

A. anticoagulant 	
B. alkalinizing  	
C. antihistamine 	
D. antacid

Answer 17

B

Question 18

Which of the following statements regarding benzodiazepine medications is NOT correct?

A. High doses of a benzodiazepine may be needed to maintain a patient's blood pressure.  	
B. Benzodiazepines have potent anxiolytic, antiseizure, and sedative properties. 	
C. A benzodiazepine may be used as the primary sedative for advanced airway care. 	
D. Benzodiazepines are commonly used in the prehospital setting to terminate seizures.

Answer 18

A

Question 19

All of the following medications are used to reduce a patient’s heart rate and blood pressure, EXCEPT:

A. diltiazem. 	
B. lorazepam.  	
C. Tenormin. 	
D. metoprolol.

Answer 19

B

Question 20

As a medication undergoes biotransformation, it becomes a :

A. molecule.  	
B. compound.  	
C. electrolyte.  	
D. metabolite.

Answer 20

D

Question 21

A unit of packed red blood cells contains approximately _____ to _____ mL of concentrated red blood cells.

A. 125, 200 	
B. 500, 725 	
C. 250, 500 	
D. 225, 250

Answer 21

D

Question 22

At 15 μg/kg/min, dopamine:

A. activates beta-2 receptor sites. 	
B. reduces cardiac contractility. 	
C. antagonizes alpha-1 receptors. 	
D. causes vigorous vasoconstriction.

Answer 22

D

Question 23

Which of the following conditions would make a patient the MOST susceptible to an adverse effect from a medication?

A. Minor trauma 	
B. Renal failure  	
C. Hypertension 	
D. Chronic pain

Answer 23

B

Question 24

At 5 to 10 μg/kg/min, dopamine:

A.	activates beta-1 receptor sites, causing an increased heart rate and increased  cardiac contractility.  	
B. activates dopaminergic receptor sites, causing renal and mesenteric artery  vasodilation. 	
C. has a negative chronotropic effect on the heart, but an increased inotropic effect. 	
D. no longer activates dopaminergic receptor sites and predominately activates  alpha-1 receptor sites.

Answer 24

A

Question 25

Stimulation of beta-2 receptors will cause:
Choose one answer.
A. the airway diameter to dilate.
B. vasoconstriction and hypertension.
C. bronchoconstriction.
D. a decreased release of norepinephrine.

Answer 25

A

Question 26

Stimulation of beta-1 adrenergic receptors would produce all of the following effects, EXCEPT:

A. an increase in heart rate. 	
B. increased cardiac electrical conduction. 	
C. decreased myocardial contractility.  	
D. increased renin secretion.

Answer 26

C