Population

Question 1

Define overpopulated

Answer 1

An area which has too many people for the available resources

Question 2

Define population increase

Answer 2

An area or country which has more births than deaths

Question 3

Define population decline

Answer 3

An area or country that has more deaths than births

Question 4

Define population balance

Answer 4

An area or country where the number of births and deaths are almost equal

Question 5

Define death rate

Answer 5

Number of people who died for every thousand people in one year

Question 6

Define birth rate

Answer 6

Number of babies born alive for every 1000 people in one year

Question 7

Define natural increase

Answer 7

Number of people added to or lost from the population for every thousand people in one year

Question 8

Why is there differences in birth and death rates?

Answer 8

Level of countries development
Religion - views of people in the country
Policies of the government

Question 9

What is the demographic transition model?

Answer 9

The model is a simplified representation of population change over time on which any country in the world could theoretically be placed

Question 10

Stage 1 of the DMT

Answer 10

High stationary
Death rate is high 
Birth rate is high 
Rate of natural increase is low
UK position:before 1760 
Examples remote tribes in the tropical rainforest

Question 11

Stage 2 of the DMT

Answer 11

Early expanding 
Death rate is falling 
Birth rate is high 
Rate of natural increase is high 
UK position: between 1760 and 1900 
Examples: Bangladesh and Niger

Question 12

Stage 3 of the DMT

Answer 12

Late expanding
Death rate is falling
Birth rate is falling
Rate of natural increase is high
UK position: 1900 to 1950
Examples: India, Brazil and Mexico

Question 13

Stage 4 of the DMT

Answer 13

Low stationary
Death rate is falling
Birth rate is low
Rate of natural increase is very low or stable
UK position: since 1950
Examples: USA, France and Denmark

Question 14

Stage 5 of the DMT

Answer 14

Declining
Death rate is rising
Birth rate is very low
Rate of natural increase is negative
UK position: the UK could soon enter this stage
Examples: Japan, Russia and Germany

Question 15

Where is population increase mostly occurring?

Answer 15

Population increase mainly occurs in low income and middle income countries such as Africa the Middle East and parts of South America and south Asia

Question 16

Where is lower levels of increase, population balance and decrease mostly occurring?

Answer 16

In high income countries found in North America and Europe Russia and parts of central and eastern Europe

Question 17

Give six facts about Japan’s population

Answer 17

It is the oldest population in the world
Over 65’s make up 23.9% of the population
The average age is 45.4 years the highest in the world
The birth rate remains below replacement level
Under 15s make up just 13.5% of the population

Question 18

What is a demographer?

Answer 18

Someone who measures population growth

Question 19

Define replacement level

Answer 19

It is the average number of children quiet to be born per woman to ensure that the population remained stable

Question 20

Why is Japan’s population structure changing?

Answer 20

People in Japan are living longer the average life expectancy is 81 for men and 87 for women.
The birthrate in Japan has been declining since 1975 due to the average age at which women have their first child and the number of Japanese couples getting married has fallen

Question 21

What are you affects of an ageing population?

Answer 21

An increase in the cost of pensions
Are rising number of elderly people living in nursing homes
An increase in the cost of healthcare

Question 22

Define a population policy

Answer 22

Measures taken by government to influence population size, growth, distribution or composition

Question 23

Define pronatalist policies

Answer 23

These are policies that are used to encourage people to have more children by offering incentives such as financial payments

Question 24

Define anti-natalist policies

Answer 24

These are policies that are used to encourage people to have fewer children by offering incentives such as free stay education, for only the first child in a family

Question 25

China’s one child policy

Answer 25

The one child policy only applied to hand Chinese 90% of the population
Men have to be over the age of 22 and women over the age of 20 to be granted permission to have a child
Parents to follow the rule receive a certificate next to money when they retire
Breaking the rules result in a heavy fine

Question 26

Impacts of policy

Answer 26

There is now a serious imbalance of men to women
It is believed that the economy will not have enough skilled workers
Babies born under the one child policy will have two parents and four grandparents look after

Question 27

Advantages of immigration

Answer 27

Promotes tolerance
It can provide economic boost to country’s economy
Ensures economy has skilled workers
Contributes to cultural diversity
Migrants at young age have a family negating affects of ageing population

Question 28

Disadvantages of immigration

Answer 28

It puts a strain on welfare and health
Extra competition for local jobs
Prints often don’t mix with the wider community