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PE- Sport And Society > Role of Technology in Physical Activity and Sport > Flashcards

Role of Technology in Physical Activity and Sport Flashcards

1
Q

What is research?

A

A systematic process of investigation and study carried out with the aim of advancing knowledge.

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2
Q

What is sports analytics?

A

Studying data from sports performance to try to improve performance.

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3
Q

What is quantitative data?

A

Data that can be written down or measure precisely and numerically.

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4
Q

What is qualitative data?

A

Data that is descriptive and looks at the way people think or feel.

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5
Q

What is an example of quantitative data being used to prove a hypothesis?

A

. on a numerical scale; could compare the relative effect of different environments on exercisers’ moods: cycle trails in woodland areas vs urban trails.

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6
Q

What is an example of qualitative data?

A

Interviews with players with sports psychologist determining the feelings and anxiety.

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7
Q

What is objective data?

A

Fact-based information which is measurable and usable

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8
Q

What is subjective data?

A

Based on personal opinion, which is less measurable and often less usable.

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9
Q

What is an example of objective data?

A

The level achieved on the multi stage fitness test

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10
Q

What is an example of subjective data?

A

When a parent gives their child their opinion on the match so far at half time.

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11
Q

What is validity?

A

An indication of whether the data collected actually measures what it claims to measures.

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12
Q

What is reliability?

A

Refers to the degree to which data collection is consistent and stable over time.

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13
Q

Explain quantitative reliability?

A

Researchers complete the same test on an individual a number of times getting the same/similar results and so methods must be correct.

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14
Q

Explain qualitative reliability?

A

Researchers placing results/observations/responses into same or similar categories so opinions don’t change.

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15
Q

What is video motion analysis?

A

A technique used to get information about moving objects from video.

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16
Q

What two types of video motion analysis exist?

A

. Notational match analysis

. Biomechanics

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17
Q

What is notational match analysis? and give example

A

Records aspects of individual or team performance

e.g. prozone (completed passes, distance covered, shots on target)

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18
Q

What is biomechanic video analysis? and give example

A

Analyses the sporting impact of body movements

e.g dartfish

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19
Q

When is video analysis used?

A

. During performance to quickly fix weaknesses
. After performance to improve
. Before performance to pick out opponent weakness
. During training to iron out weaknesses

20
Q

What is performance analysis and why is it important?

A

The provision of objective feedback to performers trying to get a positive change in performance.
Performers can only remember 30% of their performance.

21
Q

What is a metabolic cart?

A

A device that works by attaching headgear to a subject while the person breathes a specific amount of oxygen over a period of time.

22
Q

What is indirect calorimetry?

A

The measurement of the amount of heat and energy generated in an oxidation reaction.

23
Q

How is indirect calorimetry measured?

A

Headgear from the cart is attached while they breathe for a specific amount of time. The gas flows are then converted to a heat equivalent.

24
Q

What does indirect calorimetry measure?

A

.Oxygen and c02 concentrations

. Inspiration and expiration volumes

25
Q

The results of the indirect calorimetry test are given as a?

A

Resting energy expenditure (REE)

26
Q

What is the Resting energy expenditure (REE)?

A

The amount of energy, usually expressed as kcal, required for a 24 hour period by the body during rest.

27
Q

How can indirect calorimetry help performers?

A

. Determine energy requirements and response to nutrition over time.
. Calculable energy expenditure
. REE determines dietary requirements

28
Q

What could go wrong with indirect calorimetry?

A

. Air leaks
. Recording errors
. Difficult to use on children
. Only gives a snapshot rather than an average

29
Q

Why are GPS and tracking systems useful for coaches and athletes?

A

Useful to track speed, distance and direction.

30
Q

What can GPS and tracking systems be used for?

A 
. Rehab from injury
. To test fatigue
. Make training more specific to individuals
. Improves tactical analysis for a club
. Helps to compare individuals
. Helps with scouting
31
Q

What is data integrity?

A

Maintaining and ensuring the accuracy and consistency of stored data over its entire lifetime.

32
Q

How can data integrity be compromised?

A

. Human error
. Errors when transferring data between devices
. Viruses

33
Q

How can threats to data integrity be minimised?

A

. Regularly back up data
. Securing mechanisms to protect data
. Using error detection when transmitting data
. Taking care when entering data

34
Q

What can be used to monitor fitness at low and high levels of performance?

A

Smart watches.

35
Q

What is vibration technology?

A

A technique used to help with injury rehab and prevention.

36
Q

What positives can vibration technology bring ?

A

. Improving bone density
. Improve circulation
. Reduces joint pain
. Overall reduction in pain/DOMS

37
Q

What is electrosimulation?

A

The production of muscle contraction using electrical impulses

38
Q

How can electrosimulation help?

A

. Strengthening and toning muscles
. Helping get rid of lactic acid
. Prevents losses in fitness levels

39
Q

What two groups of people have benefited from technological developments?

A

Elderly and disabled

40
Q

How has technology improved elderly and disabled participation?

A

. Finger extension exerciser- aids hand and wist movements
. Low impact pedal exercise machine- maintains muscle tone and stimulates circulation
. Exercise balance beam- improves balance
. Technologically advanced wheelchair design
. Prosthetic design

41
Q

What is Places People Play?

A

A Sport England initiative to increase participation by providing sports facilities for the local community.

42
Q

What facilities have Places People Play developed?

A

. 3G/4G astro turf facilities
. Multi-Use Games Areas (MUGAS)
. Specialist facilities

43
Q

What are the potential benefits of technology for a sports performer?

A

. Improved clothing- skeleton
. Improved equipment- footballs
. Improved protective equipment- cricket helmets
. Improved recover techniques- compression clothing
. Improving injury recovery and rehabilitation- exercise pools
. Knowledge of diets- energy drinks and carbo-loading
. Drug testing advancements- eliminating cheating

44
Q

What disadvantages can technology have on the performer?

A

. Cost. Equipment very expensive
. Can lead to over aggression with protecting equipment means other players are dehumanised
. Can lead to cheating as tech can be used to mask illegal enhancements

45
Q

What are the possible negative implications of using technology in sport?

A

. Data can be misleading- less metres ran in a defensive performance
. Can be expensive so inequalities might exist in terms of access to equipment
. Reliance on data and removing creative thinking from coaches

46
Q

Advantages of technology for the spectator/audience?

A

. Officials are mic’d up and in some sports the audience can hear (Rugby union)
. Audiences can watch replays or slow motion on big screen (rugby, tennis, football)
. Hawkeye tension adds excitement to tennis
. Technology helps officials to make descisions

PE- Sport And Society (9 decks)

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