Spondylosis, Spondylolysis, Spondylilisthesis Flashcards Preview

Spinal Anatomy Exam 2 > Spondylosis, Spondylolysis, Spondylilisthesis > Flashcards

Flashcards in Spondylosis, Spondylolysis, Spondylilisthesis Deck (29)
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0
Q

What is the definition of spondylolysis?

A

A vertebral separation or vertebral cleavage

1
Q

What is the definition of spondylosis?

A

A vertebral condition

2
Q

What is the definition of spondylolisthesis?

A

A vertebral slippage

3
Q

What are some causes of spondylolysis?

A

Congenital, acquired during development, the result of aging, or the result of trauma

4
Q

Lumbar spondylolysis has not been reported in what groups of individuals?

A

Fetuses, newborns, rarely in children under five years old, patients who have never walked, and in non-erect species

5
Q

What is the gender bias and locational bias associated with lumbar spondylolysis?

A

Men at L5/S1; women at L4/L5

6
Q

What is the age range typically associated with lumbar spondylolysis?

A

10-20 year olds

7
Q

What motion(s) is particularly associated with lumbar spondylolysis?

A

Hyperextension couple with rotation

8
Q

What fills the space in a lumbar spondylolysis?

A

Fibrocartilaginous material

9
Q

What name has been given to the material filling the space in a lumbar spondylolysis?

A

Spondylolysis ligament

10
Q

What types of neural function(s) have been associated with the spondylolysis ligament?

A

Nociception, neuromodulation, and autonomic function

11
Q

What is the appearance of the lumbar vertebra upon oblique X-ray?

A

A Scotty dog

12
Q

What is the appearance of a pars defect in a lumbar vertebra upon oblique X-ray?

A

A collared Scotty dog

13
Q

What part of a lumbar vertebra forms the neck of a Scotty dog?

A

The pars interarticularis below the superior articular process

14
Q

What part of a lumbar vertebra forms the eye of a Scotty dog?

A

The pedicle

15
Q

What part of a lumbar vertebra forms the ear of a Scotty dog?

A

The superior articular process

16
Q

What part of a lumbar vertebra forms the nose of a Scotty dog?

A

The transverse process

17
Q

What characteristics are associated with cervical spondylolysis?

A

Rare, congenital, gender biased toward men, most common at C6, and linked to spondylolisthesis and spina bifida

18
Q

What characteristics are associated with sacral spondylolysis?

A

Rare in the general population, within typical percentage in the native Alaskan (Inuit) population, seems to be acquired, gender biased toward men, most common at S1, and linked to activities such as kayaking and harpooning

19
Q

What vertebral condition results in spondylolisthesis?

A

Bilateral spondylolysis

20
Q

What is the direction of spondylolisthesis?

A

Anterior or forward displacement

21
Q

What is the posterior direction of vertebral slippage called?

A

Retrospondylolisthesis or retrolisthesis

22
Q

Identify all names given to type I spondylolisthesis.

A

Dysplastic spondylolisthesis, congenital spondylolisthesis

23
Q

What is the locational bias of type I spondylolisthesis?

A

L5 or upper sacral segments

24
Q

What is the cause most frequently given for type II spondylolisthesis?

A

Microfractures as the result of repetitive stress during hyperflexion and rotation

25
Q

What gender bias, locational bias, and spinal canal dimensions are associated with type II spondylolisthesis?

A

Isthmic spondylolisthesis is common in men, located at the L5/S1 level and demonstrates an increase in sagittal diameter of the spinal cord

26
Q

What is the gender bias, locational bias, and spinal canal dimension changes often associated with type III spondylolisthesis?

A

Degenerative spondylolisthesis is more common in women, particularly at L4/L5, and demonstrates no change in sagittal diameter of the spinal cord

27
Q

What causes type IV spondylolisthesis?

A

Fracture of the neural arch components

28
Q

What are the cause(s) associated with type V spondylolisthesis?

A

Bone diseases such as Paget disease or osteogenesis imperfecta