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Chemistry > The Reactivity Series > Flashcards

The Reactivity Series Flashcards

0
Q

Reactivity series

A 
Potassium 
Sodium 
Lithium 
Calcium 
Magnesium 
Aluminium 
Zinc 
Iron
Lead 
Copper 
Silver 
Gold 
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1
Q

Copper silver and gold

A

Most reactive- copper
Silver
Least reactive- gold

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2
Q

Metal and oxygen

A

Metal oxide

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3
Q

Metal and steam

A

Metal hydroxide

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4
Q

Metal and water

A

Metal oxide and hydrogen

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5
Q

Metal and acid

A

A salt and hydrogen

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6
Q

Smelting

A

Extracting metal from their mineral ores

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7
Q

Hydrogen in the reactivity series

A

Iron and copper

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8
Q

Carbon in the reactivity series

A

Aluminium and zinc

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9
Q

Manganese in the reactivity series

A

Between aluminium and zinc (under carbon)

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10
Q

Extracting metals from oxides

A

Less reactive then carbon- can be displaced

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11
Q

Which substances are extracted with electrolysis

A 
Potassium 
Calcium
Magnesium 
Aluminium 
Sodium
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12
Q

Electrolysis process

A

Negative chloride attracts to the anode and the carbon attracts to the cathode

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13
Q

What’s happens at the anode

A

The chloride reduces at the cathode and gains an electron
The carbon oxidises at the anode and loses an electron
A current is created though the electrodes

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14
Q

Properties of iron

A 
Moderately reactive 
Plentiful 
Easily reduced
Strong as an alloy 
Brittle when pure
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15
Q

What is put into the blast furnace

A

Solid raw materials
Coke
Iron ore
Limestone

16
Q

What comes out of the blast furnace

A

Pure iron and slag

18
Q

Top reaction in blast furnace

A

Fe2O3 + CO –> Fe + CO2

1000 degrees

19
Q

Middle reaction in blast furnace

A

CO2 + C –> 2CO

1500 degrees

19
Q

Uses of slag

A

Tarring roads

20
Q

Bottom reaction in the blast furnace

A

C + O2 –> CO2

2000 degrees

21
Q

Which reactions in the blast furnace are REDOX reactions

A

Top and middle

22
Q

Reaction at the negative electrode

A

Al^3+ + 3e^- –> Al

23
Q

Reaction at the positive electrode

A

2O^2- –> O2 + 4e^-

24
Q

Carbon dioxide produced at positive with graphite

A

C(s) + O2 –> CO2

25
Q

Tests for cations (flame)

A

Dip platinum or nichrome wire into hydrochloric acid
Put this is flame to clean
Dip wire into new hydrochloric acid and then the solid of Li, K, Ca or Na

26
Q

Test for cations (sodium hydroxide and ammonium)

A

For NH4
Add sodium hydroxide and warm
If ammonium anions are produced them pungent gas produced and damp red litmus paper turns blue

27
Q

Test for cations (sodium hydroxide)

A

Copper forms a blue precipitate
Iron (II) forms a green precipitate
Iron (III) forms a brown precipitate

28
Q

Tests for anions (nitric/silver)

A

Add dilute nitric acid and silver nitrate solution
Cl white precipitate
Br cream precipitate
Iodide yellow precipitate

29
Q

Tests for anions (barium)

A

Add dilute hydrochloric acid and barium chloride to SO4^2-

White precipitate forms

30
Q

Tests for anions (CO2)

A

Add aqueous solution of solid and dilute hydrochloric/nitric acid to CO3^2-
Turns limewater cloudy and produces gas bubbles

31
Q

Test for hydrogen

A

Squeaky pop

32
Q

Test for oxygen

A

Relights a glowing splint

33
Q

Test for CO2

A

Bubble through limewater

Limewater turns cloudy

34
Q

Test for ammonia

A

Heat ammonium chloride and sodium hydroxide and litmus paper with turn blue, UI will turn purple

35
Q

Test for chloride

A

Damp litmus paper- white

Moist starch iodide paper- blue

Chemistry (13 decks)

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