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Geography Nat5 > Urban And Rural > Flashcards

Urban And Rural Flashcards

1
Q

Urban areas

A

Large settlements like large cities

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2
Q

Rural/urban fringe

A

Countryside, farmland, small villages

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3
Q

Land use zones

A

Areas with similar land use

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4
Q

CBD Central Business District

A

Centre of most large cities,
Large shops,
offices,
entertainments

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5
Q

Inner City

A

19th century, edge of CBD
old houses
Industry
High rise flats

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6
Q

Suburbs

A

Council estates,
semi detached houses
Small shopping centres
Small industrial estates

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7
Q

Tenements

A

Houses/flats

SCOTTISH INNER CITY

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8
Q

Terraced houses

A

England and Wales

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9
Q

Why did urban areas start to grow?

A

People moved from rural areas

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10
Q

What is the oldest part of the city and why?

A

Grow outwards over time

Middle is the oldest

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11
Q

Land use zones in order:

A
  1. CBD
  2. Inner city
  3. Suburbs
  4. Rural/urban fringe
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12
Q

Route centres

A

Transport routes meet
Eg. Main roads
Bus stations
Train stations

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13
Q

Map evidence for CBD

A 
Bus and train stations (route centres) 
University (uni)/(Coll) 
Tourist information centre 
Public buildings (town hall TH) (BOLD) 
Museums (oldest area) 
Tourist attractions 
Library (easy to access route centre) 
No open space 
Churches/cathedrals (old area)
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14
Q

Why are shops found in the CBD?

A

Easy to access

Route centre

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15
Q

So many people live in the CBD?

A

No

High cost of land

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16
Q

Causes of traffic in the CBD

A

Roads not designed for cars
On street parking
Main roads meet in city centre
Winding streets too narrow for cars

17
Q

Solutions for traffic in the CBD

A

Out of town shopping centres (direct traffic away from the CBD)
One way streets (keep traffic flowing)
Car park charges (controls the amount of cars)
Improving public transport eg. Wifi (encourages people to use it)
Bus lanes (busses run faster)
Park and ride(less cars in the CBD)
By-pass (prevents cars from entering CBD when they don’t need to)
Multi-storey car parks (allow lots of cars to park in a small area)

18
Q

Shopping changes in glasgows CBD

A

Discount stores -people who are less affluent
Charity shops- attempt to raise money for cause -for less affluent
Pedestrian shopping streets- less polluted -safer
Shopping centres -everything in one place (food, shops) -shelter from weather
Shop closures- due to retail parks and Internet shopping - 24hour supermarkets -out of town shopping centres

19
Q

Why might shopping changes be bad for the CBD?

A

Shopping centres-
Trade taken from other CBD shops
Charity shops - don’t attract extra customers
- as workers volunteers few jobs created
Pound shops - don’t attract extra customers
- no high value goods, don’t bring rich people
Bus lanes - make other lanes busier
Pedestrianisation - more traffic added to other routes
-limits shops deliveries
One street parking - can cause confusion for drivers not familiar
-delivery problems

20
Q

Inner City characteristics

A

Grid iron street pattern
Industry and housing close together (lack of transport)
Chimneys/smoke stack (old industry was coal powered)
Churches (older area, were more religious
Tenements housing/ terraced (more people small space, high land prices)
Empty buildings (industry shut down)
No gardens (lack of space, HLP)
Vandalism (buildings empty)
Multi-storey factory (sell good to CBD)
Marrow street

21
Q

Inner city map evidence

A

Warehouses and factories (long obscure shaped buildings)
Railway lines/sidings/freight-lines/ canal (transport goods)
Main roads passing through
Chimneys
Gap sites ( industry left area)
Grid iron street pattern

22
Q

Why were tenements/terraced housing built in the inner city?

A

To home factory workers

23
Q

Problems with the old tenements

A

Old and run down
Cramped too many people in the one house/flat
Disease spread easily so many people in one place (lack of sanitation)
No waste collection (rubbish was piled up)
Lack of water (had to be collected outside)
No central heating or cookers
Unemployment caused poverty

24
Q

Settlement

A

Places where people live

25
Q

Advantages of building high rise flats

A
  • many people in a small space
  • electricity
  • running water/cooking facilities
  • still in the inner city (close to work)
26
Q

Disadvantages of building high rise flats

A
  • limited access if lift breaks
  • wasn’t what people wanted
  • Young families (elderly are house bound)
  • kids had to stay inside (no play areas, parents couldn’t watch them)
  • loss of community
  • still unemployment
  • impacts mental health (isolation)
  • poorly built
  • caused behaviour problems
  • dampness (effects health)
  • high crime
27
Q 
Urban regeneration (attempt to increase employment) 
Advantages
A
  • Setting up small factories in areas of high unemployment

- attract industry by offering grants

28
Q 
Urban regeneration (attempt to increase unemployment) 
Disadvantages
A
  • traditional industries have continued to go down hill

- not enough new jobs

29
Q

Creating suburban housing estates advantages

A
  • reduced inner city over crowding
  • low rise flats
  • electricity/ running water
  • larger flats
30
Q

Creating suburban housing estates

Disadvantages

A
  • split up families
  • people didn’t have a choice were they were put
  • far from employment
  • no public transport connections for work
31
Q

What is comprehensive redevelopment?

A

Knock down the old inner city move people out and start again

32
Q

Advantages of redeveloping the remaining tenements (urban regeneration)

A
  • cheaper than building new houses
  • double glazing (warmer)
  • electricity/ running water
  • made the flats bigger (joined two together)
  • communities kept together
  • close to work/shops
  • central heating
  • community like it
33
Q

Suburbs

A

Edge of the city

More room for open space

34
Q

Houses int he suburbs

A

Detached
Semi- detached
Flats

35
Q

Features of suburbs

A 
Drives and garages 
Gardens 
Creamers and cul-de- sacs 
Detached semi-detached 
Pleasant environment (little air pollution) 
Fewer churches (recently built) 
Hospitals 
Boundary (inner city) / rural urban fringe
36
Q

Commuter settlement features

A 
Recreation 
Train station (for commuters) 
Historic/older (churches, Chapels, castle) 
Park and rides 
Main road 
Open space 
Farmland 
Cul-de-sacs/ crescents

Geography Nat5 (2 decks)

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