This class was created by Brainscape user Helena Gibbons-Wood. Visit their profile to learn more about the creator.
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Decks in this class (86)
Life at the cellular level 1- molecules
Define the major elements used to...,
What seven elements are required ...,
What 12 other elements are requir...
31
cards
Life at the Cellular Level 2 -water
What polarity is a water molecule 1,
Why can water molecules bond with...,
What is a hydrogen bond 3
18
cards
Life at the Cellular Level 2 - pH
What does water dissociate into 1,
What does ph measure 2,
Blood ph level meanings 3
15
cards
Life at the Cellular level 1- the cell
What are the differences between ...,
Blank 1,
What is the role of the nucleus 2
18
cards
Life at the Cellular Level 3 -Energy and Thermodynamics
Blank 1
1
cards
Introduction to Blood
What is average circulating volum...,
What are the functions of blood 2,
Platelets role in blood clotting 3
80
cards
Structure and Function of cell membrane 1.1 and 1.2
Why is chemical composition of ec...,
What are the chemical differences...,
What does cell membrane separate 2
53
cards
Forces driving movement across cell membrane 2.1 and 2.2
How is an electrical gradient for...,
What is an electrochemical gradie...,
Characteristics of diffusion 3
41
cards
Osmosis 3.1 and 3.2
What is osmosis 1,
What are the differences between ...,
Diffusion through a freely permea...
35
cards
Overview of the immune system
What is the immune system 1,
What is the meaning of immunity 2,
What is a pathogen 3
16
cards
Innate Immunity
What is function of eosinophils i...,
Mast cells and allergy eosinophils 2,
Function of basophils 3
6
cards
Functions of lymphoid organs
What are b lymphocytes involved in 1,
What are t lymphocytes involved in 2,
What does humoral immunity involve 3
24
cards
Role of T lymphocytes
What are t cells 1,
What are the two classes of t cel...,
What is a cytotoxic t cell 3
16
cards
Lymphocytes and functions of antibody
What are b cells involved in 1,
What is the main function of b ce...,
Where are b cells produced and ma...
14
cards
The complement system
Characteristics of complement sys...,
What are the three main pathways ...,
Characteristics of alternative pa...
10
cards
Carbohydrate structure and function
Characteristics of carbohydrates 1,
Describe how carbs are highly oxi...,
Describe how carbs function to st...
30
cards
Carbohydrate - digestion and storage
What are the carbohydrates in our...,
How are carbohydrates digested 2,
What do the different mucosal cel...
27
cards
Citric Acid Cycle
What is the citric acid cycle 1,
What happens in citric acid cycle 2,
Why is citric acid cycle so effic...
4
cards
Carbohydrates 2a - Glycolysis and Gluconeogenesis
What is glycolysis 1,
Why is glycolysis so important 2,
Where does glycolysis take place 3
9
cards
Terminal Respiration
Why are there electron shuffle sy...,
What are the two main electron sh...,
What happens in glycerol phosphat...
7
cards
enzymes part1
What is an enzyme 1,
How do biological catalysts diffe...,
What do oxidoreductases do 3
21
cards
Clinical Enzymology
Why do we measure enzymes 1,
What factors determine enzyme act...,
What processes trigger the releas...
14
cards
Lipids part 1
What are lipids 1,
What are the functions of lipids 2,
What are the classes of lipids 3
35
cards
Lipids Part 1 continued
What does insulin do when glucose...,
What are the two major fates of f...,
Effects of carnitine palmitoyl tr...
11
cards
Nitrogen
What do amino acids and nucleotid...,
Where do we get nitrogen from 2,
What does pepsin do 3
26
cards
Proteins part 1
What is a protein 1,
What are the two types of protein...,
Steps before protein synthesis ba...
31
cards
proteins part 2
What are the different types of p...,
What is post translational modifi...,
What is co translational modifica...
33
cards
Overview of the Nervous System
What are the two main subdivisons...,
What is cns composed of 2,
What is pns composed of 3
26
cards
Cells of the nervous system
What are the different parts of a...,
Peripheral nervous system general...,
What physical shapes of sensory n...
12
cards
Resting membrane potential
What do action potentials do 1,
What do graded potentials do 2,
What do resting membrane potentia...
18
cards
Graded Potentials
What is the function of graded po...,
Where are graded potentials 2,
Where are pacemaker potentials 3
12
cards
Synaptic Integration
Blank 1
1
cards
Ionic Basis of Action Potentials
What are the mv of resting membra...,
What are mv of threshold 2,
What happens once cell reaches th...
10
cards
Neuromuscular junction
What is the neuromuscular junction 1,
How do we trigger muscle contract...,
Describe the neuromuscular juncti...
6
cards
Speeding Up Action Potentials
How do large axons speed up condu...,
How does myelination speed up con...,
Consequences of demyelination 3
9
cards
Central Nervous System Synapses
Structure of events in cns synapse 1,
Why is calcium important 2,
What are the classes of neurotran...
16
cards
Essential Pharmacology Pt1 Receptors
Why is intercellular communicatio...,
Describe intercellular communicat...,
Why are receptor subtypes importa...
15
cards
Essential Pharmacology Pt2
What are endogenous chemical agen...,
What are exogenous chemical agents 2,
What is basic def of a drug 3
16
cards
Essential Pharmacology Part 3 - drugs and therapeutics
How many receptor subtypes does o...,
What is a selective agonist 2,
What is a selective antagonist 3
7
cards
Sensory receptors-body sensation 1&2
What are the roles of sensory rec...,
What are the three types of senso...,
What do mechanoreceptors do 3
50
cards
Sensory Receptors- Proprioception
What is the role of proprioceptors 1,
What are the types of propriocept...,
What do proprioceptors do 3
26
cards
Skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle pt.1
What is the main function of musc...,
What does skeletal muscle consist...,
What does cardiac muscle consist ...
72
cards
Skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscle pt.2
Describe how fatigue is a protect...,
When are we able to stop respondi...,
What happens during high intensit...
18
cards
Smooth and cardiac muscle
Describe physical characteristics...,
What is the difference between sm...,
What happens to smooth muscle cel...
14
cards
Spinal Reflexes
What is the simplest reflex 1,
Where does stretch reflex get inf...,
Describe knee jerk reflex 3
20
cards
intro to autonomic nervous system
What does the autonomic nervous s...,
What are the three branches of th...,
Differences between somatic and a...
14
cards
Function of ANS
Signs of sympathetic ns in play 1,
Signs parasympathetic ns is in pl...,
What is important in determining ...
13
cards
Pharmacology of ANS
Pharmacological manipulation of g...,
What was the first evidence that ...,
What are the 2 ways to modulate p...
9
cards
Pharmacology of the NMJ junction
What are the steps of synaptic tr...,
What are the ways to inhibit tran...,
What are ways to potentiate trans...
4
cards
Intro to medical microbiology
What are the three domains of life 1,
What are the microbial causes of ...,
What is a bacterium 3
21
cards
Intro to bacteria
Describe the bacterial cell surfa...,
What is meant by gram negative an...,
How is a gram stain carried out 3
26
cards
Intro to viruses
Give characteristics of viruses 1,
What different structures can vir...,
What is a virion 3
12
cards
Principles of Immunisation
What are the two main types of im...,
What are the typical cells of ada...,
What are the two states of the ad...
30
cards
Introduction to parasites
What is a parasite 1,
What is a vector 2,
What are the classifications of p...
18
cards
Introduction to fungi
What is a fungus 1,
What are the 3 main fungi groups 2,
How to tell difference between th...
20
cards
Classification of pathogenic bacteria- gram negatives
How are bacteria named 1,
What organism causes meningitis d...,
What is meningitis 3
40
cards
Classification of pathogenic bacteria-gram positive
Differences between gram positive...,
What is peptidoglycan 2,
What do purple and pink stains fr...
26
cards
Pathogens and the Host
What are signs and symptoms of cl...,
What is a pathogen 2,
What is a commensal 3
38
cards
Hypersensitivity and autoimmunity
What is autoimmune disease 1,
What is cause of autoimmune disea...,
Describe a genetic risk factor fo...
34
cards
Antimicrobrial chemotherapy- mechanisms of action
What are antibiotics active again...,
What is a bactericidal 2,
What is mbc 3
43
cards
Antimicrobial chemotherapy- antibiotic resistance
When is an organism considered re...,
What strain is resistant to amino...,
Why are gram negative organisms a...
18
cards
Antimicrobial Chemotherapy- commonly used agents and side effects
Describe the trends in activity t...,
Give characteristics of quinolones 2,
What is the most commonly used qu...
33
cards
Antimicrobial chemotherapy- General Principles of Clinical
What are mutagenic antimicrobials 1,
What are teratogenic mutations 2,
What are safe antibiotics during ...
15
cards
Antimicrobial chemotherapy-antivirus and antifungal drugs
What are characteristics of polye...,
What are characteristics of ampho...,
What are characteristics of nysta...
33
cards
Acute inflammation
Define acute inflammation 1,
Name the cardinal signs of inflam...,
List the causes of acute inflamma...
52
cards
Chronic inflammation
Define chronic inflammation 1,
Describe the clinical presentatio...,
Where do we see chronic inflammat...
38
cards
Tumour pathology 1-3
What are the 3 most important rul...,
What can a cell do if its going t...,
What abnormalities indicate disea...
49
cards
Tumour pathology 4 and 5
Describe the outer membrane of a ...,
Describe how a ligand binding to ...,
Give an example of a signal trans...
62
cards
Outline of Disease Process- pt.1 what is cancer?
What is cancer 1,
What are the three types of cance...,
Describe epithelial cells 3
25
cards
Outline of disease process- pt.2 invasive cancer
What is basement membrane made up...,
What are the theories about mecha...,
Give characteristics of extracell...
28
cards
Therapeutic options in cancer
Is diet a good therapeutic option 1,
Is screening a good therapeutic o...,
Genetics 3
19
cards
Systemic Anti cancer treatment
What is chemotherapy 1,
How is chemotherapy delivered 2,
What are the 3 main types of chem...
28
cards
Circulation 1 -physical thrombosis and clotting in wound healing
What does the arterial system do 1,
Describe the arterial system 2,
What cell lines the lumen 3
32
cards
Circulation 2- pathological thrombosis and clot formation
What is meant by pathological thr...,
What are the main arteries in the...,
Give the 3 main causes in virchow...
17
cards
Circulation 3 - circulatory shock
What is circulatory shock 1,
How do you diagnose shock 2,
What is systolic pressure 3
26
cards
Storing and using genetic information
What is dna 1,
What does a nucleotide consist of 2,
How many hydrogen bonds for gs an...
24
cards
chromosomes and cell division, meiosis, chromosome abnormalities
What does dna ligase do 1,
Why do telomeres shorten 2,
What are the different stages in ...
25
cards
Mutations and Genetic Analysis
What are the different types of c...,
What does trisomy mean 2,
What system of abnormalities are ...
39
cards
mendelian inheritence
How is sickle cell disease inheri...,
What is autosomal recessive 2,
Likelihood of a child of two carr...
22
cards
Estimating risk of inherited genetic disease
What are the common recessive dis...,
How does mutation in dominant and...,
What is a de novo mutation 3
9
cards
Genetic pre-disposition to cancer
Why do most cancers happen 1,
What are the two types of gene mu...,
What are the 3 main different gen...
26
cards
Genetics in the clinic
Blank 1
1
cards
Non mendelian inheritance
Give mechanism of non mendelian i...,
What is penetrance 2,
What is cystic fibrosis caused by 3
22
cards
intro to pharmokinetics and ADME
What does pharmacological effect ...,
What is pharmacodynamics 2,
What is adme 3
22
cards
Absorption and distribution
Define absorption 1,
What is iv taken in 2,
What counts as topical administra...
23
cards
Metabolism and Excretion
What is metabolism and excretion ...,
What is xenobiotics 2,
Three main ways body protects its...
44
cards
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Foundations of Medicine
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