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Shadow Fox
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Decks in this class (85)
B P1 C2 Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease
____ disease now causes most deat...,
Enumerate the 5 typical stages of...,
_____ cause most cvd 3
20
cards
B P1 C3 Impact of the Environment on Cardiovascular Health
The term _____ is a useful encomp...,
Framework of understanding pollut...,
The phrase _____ infers that the ...
30
cards
B P1 C4 Clinical Trials in Cardiovascular Medicine
_____ studies can assess the natu...,
This single greatest inherent pro...,
_____ are prospective human exper...
23
cards
B P1 C5 Clinical Decision-Making in Cardiology
Most of medical decision making h...,
_____ is an important application...,
The terms true positive rate tpr ...
13
cards
B P1 C6 Impact of Health Care Policy on Quality, Outcomes, and Equity in Cardiovascular Disease
_____ is the collection of federa...,
A basic understanding of health p...,
The primary goal of health insura...
14
cards
B P2 C7 Applications of Genetics to Cardiovascular Medicine
Genes are encoded in dna a polyme...,
Further chromatin condensation an...,
The ______ of molecular biology r...
32
cards
B P2 C9 Principles of Drug Therapeutics, Pharmacogenomics, and Biologics
_____ describes drug delivery to ...,
_____ describes how the interacti...,
_____ describes the concept that ...
5
cards
B P2 C10 Biomarkers and Use in Precision Medicine
Nih defined a _____ as a characte...,
The nih working group defined a _...,
The nih working group defined a _...
15
cards
B P2 C 11 Artificial Intelligence in Cardiovascular Medicine
_____ is the process of improving...,
_____ learning is the most common...,
In _____ learning the task revolv...
7
cards
B P1 C12 Wearable Devices in Cardiovascular Medicine
_____ wearables comprise almost h...,
Wearable devices are part of a la...,
Most wrist worn wearable devices ...
8
cards
B P3 C13 History and Physical Examination: An Evidence-Based Approach
Typical angina should satisfy thr...,
__________ more commonly present ...,
Dyspnea may occur with exertion o...
178
cards
B P3 C14 ECG
Pulmonary embolism causing acute ...,
Left anterior fascicular block 2,
Left posterior fascicular block 3
49
cards
B P3 C15 Exercise Physiology and Exercise Electrocardiographic Testing
Energy requirements at rest and f...,
1 met is resting energy expenditu...,
________ peak oxygen uptake achie...
94
cards
B P3 C16 Echocardiography
Early ultrasound equipment projec...,
Proper interpretation of returnin...,
Nevertheless improvements in proc...
60
cards
B P3 C17 Chest Radiography in Cardiovascular Disease
Identify 1,
Identify 2,
Identify 3
23
cards
B P3 C18 Nuclear Cardiology
Advantages of pet 1,
Indications for cardiac positron ...,
Indications for cardiac positron ...
158
cards
B P3 C19 Cardiovascular MRI
In mri after delivery of a radiof...,
The rates of longitudinal magneti...,
For qualitative interpretation __...
106
cards
B P3 C20 Cardiac Computed Tomography
Non contrast enhanced ecg gated s...,
Contrast enhanced ecg gated study...,
Contrast ecg gated images to eval...
64
cards
B P3 C21 Coronary Angiography and Intravascular Imaging
Class 1 indications for ca in sihd 1,
Class i indications for ca in ua ...,
Class i indications for ca in ste...
135
cards
B P3 C22 Invasive Hemodynamic Diagnosis of Cardiac Disease
Give 3 indications for cardiac ca...,
Major complications of cardiac ca...,
Relative complications to cardiac...
84
cards
B P3 C23 Anesthesia and Noncardiac Surgery
If the patient is clinically stab...,
In determining the extent of preo...,
The primary reason to perform ris...
71
cards
B P4 C24 The Vascular Biology of Atherosclerosis
This molecule serve as a cofactor...,
Molecule that binds thrombin mole...,
The _____ cell of the arterial in...
63
cards
B P4 C25 Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease
The largest contributors to the a...,
_____ prevention is the preventio...,
_____ prevention aims to prevent ...
127
cards
B P4 C26 Systemic Hypertension: Mechanisms, Diagnosis, and Treatment
After tobacco use and diabetes __...,
_____ is the most important modif...,
More recent guidelines however de...
213
cards
B P4 C27 Lipoprotein Disorders and Cardiovascular Disease
A young patient with eruptive xan...,
A 38 year old woman with a strong...,
An obese hypertensive middle aged...
133
cards
B P4 C28 Cardiovascular Disease Risk of Nicotine and Tobacco Products
The number one cause of preventab...,
The lung and cardiovascular syste...,
Smoking cigarettes affects multip...
21
cards
B P4 C29 Nutrition and Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases
Beyond the empiric failure of thi...,
More highly processed foods drive...,
Diet _____ is thus a major determ...
50
cards
B P4 C30 Obesity: Medical and Surgical Management
A medical perspective defines ___...,
Bmi cut off for overweight obesit...,
Metabolic abnormalities associate...
18
cards
B P4 C31 Diabetes and the Cardiovascular System
Diabetes mellitus dm involves ___...,
Type 2 dm is characterized by ins...,
Ada diagnostic criteria for dm 3
135
cards
B P4 C32 Exercise and Sports Cardiology
The normal cv adaptations to exer...,
Physical activity acutely increas...,
Several mechanisms increase the a...
94
cards
B P4 C33 Comprehensive Cardiac Rehabilitation
The united states currently has s...,
The cr care team is comprised of ...,
Patients undergo clinical assessm...
22
cards
B P5 C35 Approach to the Patient with Chest Pain
Only ___________ of patients with...,
The most common serious cause of ...,
The classic manifestation of isch...
62
cards
B P5 C36 Coronary Blood Flow and Myocardial Ischemia
Myocardial oxygen extraction is n...,
_____________________ product of ...,
Coronary venous oxygen tension pv...
91
cards
B P5 C37 ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Pathophysiology and Clinical Evolution
Type of mi demonstration of acute...,
An imbalance between myocardial o...,
Cardiac death in patients with sy...
134
cards
B P5 C38 ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Management
Major components of the time from...,
Most deaths associated with stemi...,
Patient related factors that corr...
280
cards
B P5 C39 Non ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes
The pathogenesis of nste acs invo...,
Three mechanisms may lead to plaq...,
_________________ characteristica...
124
cards
B P5 C40 Stable Ischemic Heart Disease
Sihd is most commonly caused by a...,
____________ angina is caused by ...,
____________ angina is used to de...
238
cards
B P5 C41 Percutaneous Coronary Intervention
The major value of percutaneous o...,
Greater than ____ improvement in ...,
_____ was the first randomized st...
166
cards
B P5 C42 Diseases of the Aorta
Begins at the aortic valve and ex...,
The right and left coronary arter...,
Begins at the sinotubular junctio...
224
cards
B P5 C43 Peripheral Artery Diseases
________________ generally refers...,
_________________ _____________ _...,
________________ results from an ...
129
cards
B P5 C44 Treatment of Noncoronary Obstructive Vascular Disease
_____ is a general term that incl...,
_____ pad may be asymptomatic or ...,
Asymptomatic disease is common in...
120
cards
B P6 C47 Pathophysiology of Heart Failure
Hfref is initiated after an _____...,
The decrease _____ in hf activate...,
In healthy persons high pressure ...
71
cards
B P6 C48 Approach to the Patient with Heart Failure
Heart failure hf is a complex cli...,
Risk factors for hf include 2,
Hfpef is generally defined as a l...
126
cards
B P6 C49 Diagnosis and Management of Acute Heart Failure
The prevalence of hf is projected...,
On the basis of available registr...,
The in hospital mortality of pati...
235
cards
B P6 C50 Management of Heart Failure Patients with Reduced Ejection Fraction
In industrialized countries _____...,
_____ is an important cause of hf...,
_____ is still a major cause of h...
160
cards
B P6 C51 Heart Failure with Preserved and Mildly Reduced Ejection Fraction
In the framingham heart study fhs...,
Specifically in those with higher...,
In contrast _____ were associated...
92
cards
B P6 C52 The Dilated, Restrictive, and Infiltrative Cardiomyopathies
_____ is characterized by an enla...,
Due to the prevalence of ischemic...,
Electrocardiography in dcm freque...
124
cards
B P6 C53 Cardiac Amyloidosis
The _____ are a group of diseases...,
The two most common types of amyl...,
Cardiac involvement can be demons...
62
cards
B P6 C54 Hypertrophic Cardiomopathy
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy hcm i...,
Classically _____ are present his...,
Familial disease is well characte...
67
cards
B P6 C54 Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Predictors of scd in adult patien...,
________________ are the hallmark...,
Symptoms are most dramatically pr...
8
cards
B P6 C55 Myocarditis
_____ refers to inflammation of t...,
Although _____ remains the most c...,
The pathogenesis of myocarditis i...
121
cards
B P6 C56 Cardio-Oncology: Managing Cardiotoxic Effects of Cancer Therapies
Cardio oncology is a multidiscipl...,
The american college of cardiolog...,
A study of 2625 patients treated ...
72
cards
B P6 C57 Cardio-Oncology: Approach to the Patient
One intuitive and practical appro...,
The three cvd groups to be attent...,
Patients who were diagnosed with ...
73
cards
B P6 C58 Devices for Monitoring and Managing Heart Failure
Conduction delay resulting in a q...,
The difference in the timing of m...,
Optimal placement of two leads on...
33
cards
B P7 C61 Approach to the Patient with Cardiac Arrhythmias
The presence of regular cannon a ...,
Physical examination features of ...,
The ________________ and ________...
138
cards
B P7 C62 Mechanisms of Cardiac Arrhythmias
Cardiac cells normally have a neg...,
Rmp of sinoatrial sa and central ...,
The cardiac ap is by convention d...
100
cards
B P7 C63 Genetics of Cardiac Arrhythmias
Congenital lqts comprises a disti...,
Though the cardiac rhythm often r...,
Lqts may explain approximately _ ...
64
cards
B P7 C64 Therapy for Cardiac Arrhythmias
The commonly used classification ...,
A more realistic but not widely u...,
This class includes drugs that bl...
222
cards
B P7 C65 Supraventricular Tachycardia
Svt is an umbrella term used to d...,
For example some patients may sim...,
Symptoms of ectopic beats are mos...
141
cards
B P7 C66 Atrial Fibrillation: Clinical Features, Mechanisms, and Management
Atrial fibrillation af is a supra...,
The ventricular rate during untre...,
The ventricular rate during af ca...
170
cards
B P7 C67 Ventricular Arrhythmias
Ventricular arrhythmias originate...,
Ventricular arrhythmias that occu...,
Pvcs are due to _____ producing a...
152
cards
B P7 C68 Bradyarrhythmias and AV Blocks
Based on large population studies...,
Frequently bradyarrhythmias are p...,
Sinus bradycardia is diagnosed in...
82
cards
B P7 C69 Pacemakers and Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillators
Icds are indicated for prevention...,
Evaluated implantable cardioverte...,
Prospective multicenter randomize...
107
cards
B P7 C70 Cardiac Arrest and Sudden Cardiac Death
Scd is natural death from cardiac...,
To satisfy clinical scientific le...,
The 1 hour definition primarily r...
16
cards
B P7 C71 Hypotension and Syncope
Syncope is a symptom that present...,
The presumed mechanism of syncope...,
It is important to recognize that...
74
cards
B P8 C72 Aortic Valve Stenosis
Causes etiology of as 1,
The most prevalent anatomy for a ...,
Ava 10 cm2 with resting aortic vm...
104
cards
B P8 C73 Aortic Regurgitation
_____________________ can result ...,
There are two predominant groups ...,
In _____ aortic valve disease fus...
73
cards
B P8 C74 Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
Identify the trial this randomly ...,
Identify the trial this randomly ...,
Identify the trial this randomly ...
40
cards
B P8 C75 Mitral Stenosis
Rms is now largely concentrated a...,
The mechanism for valve damage in...,
_____ is most common in the weste...
111
cards
B P8 C76 Mitral Regurgitation
The prevalence of valvular heart ...,
The mv is a complex three dimensi...,
The mitral annulus is not a singl...
81
cards
B P8 C77 Tricuspid, Pulmonic, and Multivalvular Disease
Tricuspid stenosis ts is almost a...,
A ____ between the right atrium a...,
A relatively modest diastolic pre...
61
cards
B P8 C78 Transcatheter Therapies for MV and TV Heart Disease
Determining the morphology of the...,
The suitability of a valve for mb...,
The severity of concomitant mr is...
25
cards
B P8 C79 Prosthetic Heart Valves
There are three basic types of me...,
The _____ valve is the most frequ...,
For a given valve annulus size th...
69
cards
B P9 C82 CHD in the Adolescent and Adult
At least __ of these adult congen...,
Transition discussions should beg...,
Anatomic classification of chd cl...
170
cards
B P9 C83 Catheter-Based Treatment of Congenital Heart Disease in Adults
Congenital valvular pulmonary ste...,
Before pulmonary valvuloplasty is...,
Angio graphic measurements of the...
46
cards
B P9 C84 Cardiomyopathies Induced by Drugs or Toxins
_____ is the most commonly used a...,
Moderate drinking is considered u...,
Binge drinking _____ is becoming ...
71
cards
B P9 C85 Cardiovascular Abnormalities in HIV-Infected Individuals
The onset of hiv infection associ...,
As a general rule pis non nucleos...,
Pis increase triglyceride levels ...
87
cards
B P9 C86 Pericardial Diseases
The pericardium is composed of tw...,
The _____ pericardium is largely ...,
The _____ pericardium reflects ba...
187
cards
B P9 C88 Pulmonary Hypertension
Pathogenic remodeling of _____ pu...,
Predominately ph is caused by 2,
The pulmonary vascular circuit or...
83
cards
B P9 C88 Pulmonary Hypertension
This is the ratio of change in p ...,
The average pulmonary blood flow ...,
Define pulmonary hypertension 3
16
cards
B P10 C90 Cardiovascular Disease In Older Adults
Identify the trial 10 003 symptom...,
Identify the trial randomized 517...,
Identify the trial symptom relief...
15
cards
B P10 C91 Cardiovascular Disease in Women
True or false an abnormal stress ...,
Identify trials that included wom...,
Identify the trial ccta imaging w...
7
cards
B P10 C92 Pregnancy and Heart Disease
Normal physiologic changes in pre...,
Early in pregnancy the peripheral...,
Heart rate increases by approxima...
74
cards
B P11 C95 Hemostasis, Thrombosis, Fibrinolysis and Cardiovascular Disease
Usual dose of aspirin 1,
To reduce the risk for bleeding t...,
Usual dose of clopidogrel 3
15
cards
B P11 C98 Tumors Affecting the Cardiovascular System
The most important consideration ...,
The initial diagnostic test for a...,
A differential diagnosis of a car...
87
cards
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