09 Retinal Organization

Question 1

Cell coverage is uniform throughout the retina. T/F

Answer 1

True

Question 2

As the cell is farther away from the fovea, its dendritic field gets ________.
A. No change
B. Smaller
C. Larger

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Parasol cells have smaller dendritic fields than midget cells. T/F

Answer 3

False. Midget cells have smaller dendritic fields than parasol cells.

Question 4

Parasol cells code for \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ and midget cells code for \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A. Color/Luminance
B. Color/Color
C. Luminance/Color
D. Luminance/Luminance

Answer 4

C

Question 5

Coverage factor is dependent on ________ and ________.

Answer 5

Size of dendritic field and spatial density

Question 6

The coverage differential for amacrine cells is _________ and the coverage of ganglion cells is ________ and the coverage for S-cones is _________.

Answer 6

700, 1, 0.1

Question 7

Midget cells do not ever overlap. T/F

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Ganglion cells turn on with response to light when their connections form in the _________.

Answer 8

Inner layer

Question 9

Transient response refers to light duration. Sustained response refers to if the light was on or off. T/F

Answer 9

False. Sustained response refers to light duration. Transient response refers to if the light was on or off.

Question 10

Nasal quadrant has a \_\_\_\_\_\_ cell density and \_\_\_\_\_\_ resolution than temporal quadrant.
A. Higher/Lower
B. Lower/Lower
C. Lower/Higher
D. Higher/Higher

Answer 10

D

Question 11

What 2 factors produce differential patterns within the retina?

Answer 11

Timing of grow and birth of cells

Question 12

Why are rods missing from the foveola?
A. Rods are born later than cones
B. During metaphase chromosomes did not segregate properly
C. Rods and cones are born at the same time

Answer 12

A

Question 13

What color is not distinguishable in the foveola?
A. Red
B. Blue
C. Yellow
D. Green

Answer 13

B

Question 14

What types of cones are not found in the foveola?
A. L-cones and M-cones
B. S-cones only
C. L-cones only
D. L-cones and S-cones

Answer 14

B

Question 15

The entire fovea is higher vascularized. T/F

Answer 15

False. There is a avascular zone in the fovea.

Question 16

Parasol cells make up \_\_\_% of ganglion cells. Midget cells make up \_\_\_% of ganglion cells.
A. 50, 50
B. 90, 10
C. 10, 80
D. 10, 90

Answer 16

C

Question 17

Each ganglion cell has its own receptive field. T/F

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Ganglion cells are never completely turned off. T/F

Answer 18

True

Question 19

When the edge detector is completely dark, there is a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ firing rate.
A. No
B. Small
C. Intermediate
D. Large

Answer 19

C

Question 20

Midget cell is for ________ response.

Parasol cell is for ________ response.

Answer 20

Sustained, Transient

Question 21

Which cells are good at detecting motion?
A. Midget
B. Parasol
C. Parasol and Midget

Answer 21

B

Question 22

Parasol cells has poor temporal frequency of about 12 Hz. T/F

Answer 22

False. Midget cells has poor temporal frequency of about 12 Hz

Question 23

Under \_\_\_\_\_\_ light conditions, the parasol cells respond better to changes in contrast. 
A. No light
B. Bright
C. Blue
D. Dim

Answer 23

D

Question 24

To detect a newborn’s visual acuity, you can record the brain wave activity. A newborn’s visual acuity is best when contrast sensitivity is _______.
A. 0
B. 100
C. 50

Answer 24

A

Question 25

``` In a ganglion cell receptive field, the red center is _____ and the green surround is ______. A. Off, Off B. On, Off C. Off, On D. On, On ```

Answer 25

B

Question 26

Diffuse bipolar cell are getting input from ______. A. L-cones B. M-cones C. L-cones and M-cones

Answer 26

C

Question 27

Which of the following is true regarding S cones? A. get input from S, M, and L-cones B. the input to the center is just from the blue cone C. are small bistratified cells D. all of the above

Answer 27

D

Question 28

Signals within the melanopsin ganglion cell use a G-protein coupled receptor. T/F

Answer 28

True