1121 In Class Assignment

Question 1

British North America (BNA) Act

Answer 1

• 1867
• Outlines federal & provincial responsibilities
• Renames Constitution Act in 1982

Question 2

Tommy Douglas

Answer 2

• 1947 Saskatchewan Premier
• Introduced public insurance plan for hospital services
• Medicare!
• Terrible at first, MDs = strike against

Question 3

Hospital Insurance and Diagnostic Insurance Act (HIDSA)

Answer 3

• 1957
• Introduced universal hospitalization coverage for acute care
• -Federal gov’t shared cost for all services delivered in hospitals

Question 4

Medical Care Act (Medicare)

Answer 4

• 1966
• Gov’t of Canada stated Canadians should be able to obtain HC services of high quality according to need, regardless of pay/ status
• Medicare = universal, prepaid, gov’t sponsored scheme

Question 5

Canada Health Act (CHA)

Answer 5

• 1984
• Joined BNA + Medicare
• Banned extra user fees
• 5 Principles: Universality, Accessibility, Portability, Comprehensiveness, Public Administration

Question 6

Local Health Integration Network (LHIN)

Answer 6

• Non-for-profit organizations
• Responsible for planning, integrating, and funding local health services in 14 geographic regions of Ontario
• Locally manage health services in: Hospitals, LTC, Community health centres, Community support services, mental health agencies, home care

Question 7

Ontario Superagency

Answer 7

-LHIN + eHealth + Cancer Care Ontario + Trillium Gift of Life

Question 8

Regulated Health Professionals Act

Answer 8

• 1991
• Procedural code applicable to all of Ontario’s self-regulated health professionals
• Administered by Minister of Health and LTC
• Contains…
• -Scope of Practice Statement
• -Series of authorized/ controlled acts

Question 9

Nursing Act

Answer 9

• 1991
• Nurses need to have knowledge, skills, and judgement to perform a controlled act
• 5 Controlled Acts
• -Performing procedure prescribed below dermis or mucosa
• -Admin substance via injection or inhalation
• -Putting an instrument, hand, finger in various locations
• -Dispensing a drug
• -Psychotherapy

Question 10

CHA: Universality

Answer 10

• Plan must entitle 100% of insured population (eligible for OHIP) to insured services on uniform terms and conditions
• Negates discrimination based on race, gender, income, ethnicity, religion
• Canadians do not have to pay insurance premium to be covered through provincial health insurance programs

Question 11

CHA: Public Administration

Answer 11

• Province HC insurance plan must be administered and operated on non-for-profit basis by public authority that is publically accountable to the provincial gov’t for funds spent
• Provincial gov’t determines extent and amount of coverage insured

Question 12

CHA: Accessibility

Answer 12

• Plan provides for all Canadian residents to have reasonable access to insured hospital and physician services w/o barriers (income, age, health status, gender, geographic area)
• Additional charges to insured patients for insured services are not allowed (no extra billing/ user fees)
• HC services available on the basis of need = reasonable access

Question 13

CHA: Portability

Answer 13

• Canadians are insured by home prov/ terr when they move b/w prov/ terr’s
• After waiting period, the new prov/ terr will provide health coverage
• Waiting period depending on prov/ terr

Question 14

CHA: Comprehensiveness

Answer 14

• Plan must insure all medically necessary hospital and physician services
• Province can permit insurance of additional HCP services as it sees fit

Question 15

5 Levels of HC

Answer 15

Level One: Health Promotion 
Level Two: Disease and Injury Prevention 
Level Three: Diagnosis and Treatment
Level Four: Rehabilitation 
Level Five: Supportive Care

Question 16

Level One: Health Promotion

Answer 16

• Build health public policy
• Create supportive environment
• Strengthen community action
• Develop personal skills
• Reorient health services (towards prevention)

Question 17

Level Two: Disease and Injury Prevention

Answer 17

Primary

• Disease process has not occurred
• Aim to protect against disease before signs/ symptoms
• Ie. vaccination

Secondary

• Disease process has maybe occurred but client is asymptomatic
• Aim to screen for those with high risk of developing disease
• Ie. colonoscopy after age 50

Tertiary

• Disease established
• Aim to prevent complications
• Ie. Blood glucose monitoring of ct with diabetes

Question 18

Level Three: Diagnosis and Treatment

Answer 18

Primary

• First contact ct makes with HC to resolve actual or potential problem
• Ie. walk-in clinic, early detection, routine care

Secondary

• Ct develops recognizable signs/ symptoms, is diagnosed or needs further review by a specialized medical service
• Ie. small hospital, physiotherapist, etc.

Tertiary

• Highly technical and specialized care for diagnosing/ treating complicated health problems
• Ie. big hospital with specialized/ comprehensive care

Question 19

Level Four: Rehabilitation

Answer 19

• Initial focus = preventing complications from illness/ injury
• Is the restoration of a person to the fullest physical/ medical/ social functioning after a physical or mental illness/ injury
• Rehab is necessary until ct returns to previous level of function or reaches a new level of function limited by their illness/ disease
• Goal = enhance QOL, regain function, ADLs, promote independence

Question 20

Level Five: Supportive Care

Answer 20

• Addresses chronic health needs of ct
• Health, personal, and social services provided to cts living with disability, who never were functioning independently, or who have a terminal disease

Palliative Care: for people living with progressive life threatening conditions in home/ hospital/ hospice
Respite Care: Short term relief for family/ caregivers