Ch. 10 - Anatomy of the Muscular System

Question 1

The body contains more than _____ skeletal muscles

Answer 1

600

Question 2

skeletal muscle is ____ % to ____% of body weight

Answer 2

40 - 50

Question 3

Muscles, along with the skeleton, determine the ________ and ___________ of the body

Answer 3

form and contour

Question 4

Skeletal muscles vary considerably in the following 3 things:

Answer 4

1. size
2. shape
3. fiber arrangement

Question 5

size of muscle ranges from:

Answer 5

extremely small to large masses

Question 6

11 muscle shapes

Answer 6

broad, narrow, long, tapering, short, blunt, triangular, quadrilateral, irregular, flat sheets, or bulky masses

Question 7

6 types of muscle arrangement

Answer 7

1. parallel
2. convergent
3. pennate
4. fusiform
5. spiral
6. circular

Question 8

the direction of muscular fibers is significant because of its relation to __________

Answer 8

function

Question 9

2 points of muscular attachment

Answer 9

Origin

Insertion

Question 10

attachment of muscle that is “point of attachment that does not move when the muscle contracts”

Answer 10

origin

Question 11

attachment of muscle that is “point of attachment that moves when the muscle contracts”

Answer 11

insertion

Question 12

Most movements are produced by the ___________ action of several muscles; some muscles in the group _________ while others _________

Answer 12

coordinated

contract

relax

Question 13

a muscle that directly performs a specific movement

Answer 13

Prime mover

Question 14

any “mover” muscle that directly performs a movement, including the prime mover

Answer 14

Agonists

Question 15

muscles that, when contracting, directly oppose prime movers; relax while the prime mover (agonist) is contracting to produce movement; provide precision and control during contraction of prime movers

Answer 15

Antagonist

Question 16

muscles that contract at the same time as the prime movers; facilitate prime mover actions to produce a more efficient movement

Answer 16

Synergists

Question 17

joint stabilizers (type of synergist)

Answer 17

Fixator muscles

Question 18

Muscle names can be in ________ or _________

Answer 18

latin

english

Question 19

5 ways muscles are named

Answer 19

1. Location, function, shape
2. Direction of fibers
3. Number of heads or divisions
4. Points of attachment
5. Relative size

Question 20

4 Rotator cuff muscles

Answer 20

1. Infraspinatus
2. Supraspinatus
3. Teres minor
4. Subscapularis

Question 21

Quadriceps femoris group:

Answer 21

Rectus femoris
Vastus medialis
Vastus lateralis
Vastus intermedius

Question 22

3 muscles in the gluteus

Answer 22

1. gluteus maximus
2. gluteus minimus
3. gluteus medius

Question 23

2 injection sites

Answer 23

Deltoid
Gluteus medius

Question 24

this muscle raises or lowers the shoulder

Answer 24

Trapezius

Question 25

flat sheet of connective tissue connecting muscle to oterh structures

Answer 25

Aponeurosis

Question 26

this muscle assists with mastication

Answer 26

Masseter

Question 27

posterior arm muscle that extends the forearm

Answer 27

Triceps brachii