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Pathology II > Chapter 9 Part 3 > Flashcards

Chapter 9 Part 3 Flashcards

0
Q

T/F: Acute Reynaud phenomenon involves atrophy of skin, CT, and muscles

A

False, CHRONIC Reynaud syndrome involves atrophy of skin, CT, and muscles

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1
Q

Raynaud phenomenon

A

Exaggerated arteriole vasoconstriction

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2
Q

____________ involves palor and cyanosis

A

Reynaud phenomenon

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3
Q

Reynaud phenomenon is more common in which sex?

A
  • Females

- Adolescent onset

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4
Q

Phlebitis

A

Venous inflammation

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5
Q

Thrombosis

A

Blood clot formation

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6
Q

Dilated and tortuous superficial veins are known as ________

A

Varicose veins

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7
Q

The most common region for varicose veins is where?

A

Legs

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8
Q

T/F: Embolism is common in varicose veins

A

False, embolism is rare

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9
Q

Risk factors for varicose veins

A
  • Obesity
  • Genetics
  • Pregnancy
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10
Q

1/3 females and ____ males have varicose veins

A

1/5

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11
Q

Thrombophlebitis

A

Venous thrombosis following inflammation

vs. Phlebothrombosis- no inflammation

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12
Q

Deep Vein thrombosis is an example of what?

A

Thrombophlebitis (90% of all cases)

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13
Q

A pulmonary embolism could be the first sign of ___________

A

Thrombophlebitis

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14
Q

Phlebothrombosis

A

Venous thrombosis without previous inflammation

vs. Thrombophlebitis- with previous inflammation

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15
Q

Superior Vena Cava Syndrome

A
  • Compression/invasion of SVC
  • Congested upper extremity veins
  • Edema
  • Possible cyanosis
  • Arms, head, and neck
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16
Q

Inferior Vena Cava Syndrome

A
  • Compression/invasion of IVC
  • Congestion of lower extremity veins
  • Edema
  • Proteinuria
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17
Q

Lymphatic obstruction which causes tissue expansion and inflammation is known as ___________

A

Lymphedema

18
Q

2 types of lymphedema

A

Primary: congenital lymphatic abnormalities
Secondary: obstruction of previously normal lymph vessels

19
Q

Milroy disease is an example of ____________

A

Primary lymphedema

20
Q

Secondary lymphedema can be caused by:

A
  • Neoplasia
  • Infection (filariasis)
  • Thrombosis
  • Fibrosis (surgery)
21
Q

Brawny induration (hardening of skin) is indicative of what?

A

Chronic lymphedema

22
Q

Acute lymphatic vessel inflammation with bacterial seeding and possible sepsis is known as ________

A

Lymphyangitis

23
Q

Lymphangitis appears as:

A
  • Red subcutaneous streaks

- Painful

24
Q

What are the three types of vascular tumors?

A
  1. Hemangioma
  2. Kaposi sarcoma
  3. Angiosarcoma
25
Q

Vascular tumors originate from ___________,_________ or _________

A
  • Endothelial cells
  • Connective tissues
  • Vessels
26
Q

T/F: A hemangioma is malignant

A
  • False, hemangiomas are BENIGN

- Most resolve with age (75-90% resolve by age 7)

27
Q

T/F: Hemangiomas occur in superficial tissues of the face, head, and neck

A

True

28
Q

A malignancy of lymphatic endothelial cells is known as ___________

A

Kaposi sarcoma (Human Herpesvirus 8)

29
Q

T/F: Karposi Sarcoma is sexually transmited

A

True

30
Q

____________is 1000x more likely in AIDS patients

A

Kaposi sarcoma

31
Q

T/F: Kaposi sarcoma is asymptomatic unless T cell immunity is altered

A

True

32
Q

Malignant endothelial neoplasia is known as what?

A

Angiosarcoma

33
Q

T/F: Angiosarcoma recurs locally and is widely spread.

A
  • True
  • Spread via lymph nodes
  • Can appear anywhere on the body
34
Q

Angiosarcoma is more common among what age group?

A

Older adults

35
Q

Differentiated Angiosarcoma resembles ___________

A

Hemangiomas

36
Q

Anaplastic Angiosarcoma invasive and highly ____________

A

malignant (30% 5 year survival rate)

37
Q

Most common locations of Angiosarcoma:

A
  • Skin
  • Breast
  • Liver
38
Q

T/F: Angiosarcoma has a short latency period

A
  • False, Angiosarcoma has a LONG latency period
  • Early: small & red
  • Late: large & red/tan
39
Q

___________ is a common vascular intervention which preserves luminal patency by holding down flaps and limiting vasospasm

A
  • Endovascular stenting
  • Risk of thrombosis
  • Possible intimal hyperplasia
40
Q

What is the purpose of a vascular graft?

A
  • To replace or bypass arteries

- Long term vessel patency is a limitation (thrombosis)

41
Q

The __________ vein and ___________ artery are common vessels for vascular grafts.

A
  • Great saphenous vein: 50% in 10 yrs

- Common mammary artery: 90% in 10 yrs

42
Q

Peau d’orange is indicative of what type of lymphedema?

A

Acute lymphedema

Pathology II (4 decks)

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