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Gross II Final > Female Internal Reproductive Organs Pt. 1 > Flashcards

Female Internal Reproductive Organs Pt. 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four female internal reproductive organs?

A

Ovary, uterine tube, uterus, vagina

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2
Q

Where are oocytes produced after puberty?

A

Ovaries

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3
Q

Ovaries also have what type of function beside the production of oocytes?

A

Endocrine

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4
Q

What hormones are secreted by the ovaries?

A

Estrogen, progesterone, and relaxin

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5
Q

The ovary lies in what location?

A

Ovarian fossa

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6
Q

What bounds the ovarian fossa?

A

Obliterated umbilical artery (anteriorly) and ureter/internal iliac vessels (posteriorly)

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7
Q

Is the ovary covered by peritoneum?

A

No

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8
Q

What attaches the ovary to the body of the uterus?

A

Ligament of ovary

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9
Q

What extends from the ovary to the pelvic brim and contains the ovarian vessels?

A

Suspensory ligament of ovary

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10
Q

Which ligament involved with the ovaries is solid?

A

Ligament of ovary

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11
Q

Which ligament involved with the ovaries is hollow?

A

Suspensory ligament ovary

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12
Q

What is the blood supply of the ovary?

A

Ovarian artery and ovarian branch of the uterine artery

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13
Q

The ovarian artery branches from where?

A

Abdominal aorta

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14
Q

What is the innervation of the ovary?

A

Ovarian plexus

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15
Q

What structure transports oocytes from the ovary to the uterus?

A

Uterine tubes

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16
Q

How do the uterine tubes transport oocytes from the ovary to the uterus?

A

Through ciliary action and muscular contraction

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17
Q

How long is the passage of the oocyte from the ovary to the uterus?

A

3-4 days

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18
Q

What part of the uterine tube lies inside the uterus?

A

Uterine part

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19
Q

What part of the uterine tube is the narrowest external part, nearest the uterus?

A

Isthmus

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20
Q

What part of the uterine tube is the longest and widest part of the uterine tube?

A

Ampulla

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21
Q

What part of the uterine tube is the funnel-shaped part nearest the ovary?

A

Infundibulum

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22
Q

What is the name of the opening of the uterine tube near the ovary?

A

Abdominal ostium

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23
Q

Are the abdominal ostium and ovary technically connected?

A

No; there is a small gap

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24
Q

What are the fingerlike projections around the margin of the infundibulum?

A

Fimbriae

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25
Q

When an oocyte leaves the ovary, it is picked up by what structures and passes through the abdominal ostium?

A

Fimbriae

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26
Q

What is the longest fimbria that is fused to the ovary?

A

Ovarian fibria

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27
Q

Where does fertilization take place in general? Most commonly, where?

A

Uterine tube; ampulla

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28
Q

Where is the second most common place for fertilization to occur?

A

Infundibulum

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29
Q

What is the blood supply of the uterine tube?

A

Tubal branches of the uterine artery and ovarian artery

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30
Q

What is the innervation of the uterine tube?

A

Ovarian plexus and inferior hypogastric plexus

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31
Q

What is an ectopic pregnancy?

A

Development of the fetus at some site other than the uterine cavity

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32
Q

Where is the most common location of ectopic pregnancy?

A

Uterine tube (tubal ectopic pregnancy)

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33
Q

What is a common result of tubal ectopic pregnancy?

A

Rupture of the uterine tube followed by hemorrhage

34
Q

Tubal ectopic pregnancy is usually a result of what?

A

Inflammation or blockage of the uterine tube

35
Q

What are the risk factors of tubal ectopic pregnancies?

A

History of sexually transmitted diseases, reversal tubal ligation, and endometriosis

36
Q

What is an abdominal ectopic pregnancy?

A

Implantation of the embryo in the rectouterine pouch

37
Q

What are two other types of ectopic pregnancies?

A

Mesenteric and cervical ectopic pregnancies

38
Q

What is the organ in which the fertilized oocyte normally becomes embedded and where fetal development takes place?

A

Uterus

39
Q

The cavities of what structures together form the birth canal?

A

Uterus and vagina

40
Q

What is a nulliparous woman?

A

One with no children

41
Q

What is the uterus like in a nulliparous woman?

A

Walls are thick and muscular, and the uterus itself is shaped like an inverted pear

42
Q

After menopause, how the the uterus change?

A

Fibrous tissue accumulates due to hormonal changes and cyst development

43
Q

What is anteversion of the uterus?

A

The lower end of the uterus forms approximately a right angle with the vagina

44
Q

What is the opposite of anteversion?

A

Retroversion (uterus bent backward)

45
Q

What is anteflexion of the uterus?

A

The uterus is bent downward at the junction between its body and cervix

46
Q

Which angle of the uterus is located within itself?

A

Anteflexion

47
Q

What can change the position of the uterus?

A

Fullness of the bladder

48
Q

What is the rounded part of the uterus located superior to the entrances of the uterine tubes?

A

Fundus of uterus

49
Q

What is the main part of the uterus located inferior to the fundus and superior to the isthmus?

A

Body of uterus

50
Q

Retroversion of the uterus is associated with what three things?

A

Severe menstrual cramps, painful parturition, and increased risk of uterine prolapse

51
Q

What is the narrow constricted portion of the uterus found between the body and cervix?

A

Isthmus of uterus

52
Q

What is another name for the isthmus of the uterus?

A

Internal Os

53
Q

What is the part of the uterus that is inferior and extends from the isthmus to the opening in the vagina?

A

Cervix of uterus

54
Q

What part of the cervix lies above the vagina?

A

Supravaginal part

55
Q

What part of the cervix lies within the vagina?

A

Vaginal part

56
Q

What is the opening of the cervical canal into the vagina?

A

External Os

57
Q

Where does the uterine cavity lie?

A

Within the body of the uterus

58
Q

What is the shape of the uterine cavity?

A

Wide above and narrow below

59
Q

What extends from the internal os to the external os?

A

Cervical canal

60
Q

Where does the cervical canal lie?

A

Within the cervix

61
Q

What is the space between the bladder and uterus?

A

Vesicouterine pouch

62
Q

What is the space between the rectum and uterus?

A

Rectouterine pouch

63
Q

What is the double layer of peritoneum which extends from the uterus to the lateral walls of the pelvis?

A

Broad ligament

64
Q

What part of the broad ligament is between the uterine tube and mesovarium?

A

Mesosalpinx

65
Q

What part of the broad ligament extends posteriorly to attach the ovary and ligament of the ovary?

A

Mesovarium

66
Q

What part of the broad ligament is below the mesovarium?

A

Mesometrium

67
Q

What ligament attaches the uterus below and anterior to the entrance of the uterine tubes?

A

Round ligament

68
Q

The round ligament is a remnant of what structure?

A

Gubernaculum of the ovary

69
Q

The round ligament passes through what structure?

A

Inguinal canal

70
Q

Where does the round ligament terminate?

A

Labia majora

71
Q

What ligament is a thickening of pelvic fascia which passes laterally from the cervix to merge with the upper fascia of the pelvic diaphragm?

A

Transverse cervical (cardinal) ligament

72
Q

What ligament passes backward from the cervix in the rectouterine fold to attach to the sacrum?

A

Uterosacral ligament

73
Q

During pregnancy, pull of what ligament can lead to sacral misalignment a pain?

A

Uterosacral ligament

74
Q

What ligament passes forward from the cervix lateral to the urethra to attach to the pubis?

A

Pubocervical ligament

75
Q

What structure is particularly vulnerable during a hysterectomy?

A

Ureter

76
Q

What structures give support to the uterus?

A

Pelvic diaphragm, broad ligament, pelvic viscera (bladder), and ligaments (pubocervical, transverse cervical, and utersacral)

77
Q

What is the blood supply of the uterus?

A

Uterine artery and ovarian artery

78
Q

What lymphatics drain the fundus and upper part of the body of the uterus?

A

Lumbar nodes

79
Q

What lymphatics drain the lower part of the body of the uterus?

A

External iliac nodes

80
Q

What lymphatics drain the cervix of the uterus?

A

Internal iliac nodes

81
Q

What is the innervation of the uterus?

A

Uterovaginal plexus

82
Q

What does vagina mean in Latin?

A

Sheath

Gross II Final (9 decks)

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