1. Science 10 Bilingual > 3.4 Balancing Equations > Flashcards

3.4 Balancing Equations Flashcards

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1
Q

What does it mean to “count atoms” in a chemical formula?

A

It means finding how many of each element are present in the compound.

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2
Q

How many oxygen atoms are in H₂O?

A

One oxygen atom.

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3
Q

How many hydrogen atoms are in H₂O?

A

Two hydrogen atoms.

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4
Q

How many oxygen atoms are in CO₂?

A

Two oxygen atoms.

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5
Q

How many carbon atoms are in CO₂?

A

One carbon atom.

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6
Q

How many hydrogen atoms are in C₆H₁₂O₆?

A

Twelve hydrogen atoms.

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7
Q

What does a subscript in a chemical formula tell you?

A

The number of atoms of that element in the molecule.

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8
Q

What does a coefficient in front of a formula tell you?

A

How many molecules of that compound there are.

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9
Q

How many oxygen atoms are in 2H₂O?

A

Two oxygen atoms (1 per molecule × 2 molecules).

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10
Q

How many hydrogen atoms are in 3H₂O?

A

Six hydrogen atoms (2 per molecule × 3 molecules).

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11
Q

What is a chemical equation?

A

A representation of a chemical reaction showing reactants turning into products.

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12
Q

What does it mean for a chemical equation to be “balanced”?

A

The number of each type of atom is the same on both sides of the equation.

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13
Q

Why must chemical equations be balanced?

A

Because of the Law of Conservation of Mass — matter cannot be created or destroyed.

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14
Q

Balance this equation: H₂ + O₂ → H₂O

A

2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O

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15
Q

Balance this equation: N₂ + H₂ → NH₃

A

N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃

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16
Q

Balance this equation: Fe + O₂ → Fe₂O₃

A

4Fe + 3O₂ → 2Fe₂O₃

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17
Q

Balance this equation: Na + Cl₂ → NaCl

A

2Na + Cl₂ → 2NaCl

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18
Q

Balance this equation: Ca + O₂ → CaO

A

2Ca + O₂ → 2CaO

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19
Q

What is a synthesis (combination) reaction?

A

Two or more reactants combine to form one product. Example: 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O

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20
Q

What is a decomposition reaction?

A

One compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances. Example: 2H₂O → 2H₂ + O₂

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21
Q

What is a single replacement reaction?

A

One element replaces another in a compound. Example: Zn + HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂

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22
Q

What is a double replacement reaction?

A

Two compounds exchange elements or ions. Example: AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO₃

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23
Q

What is a combustion reaction?

A

A hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. Example: CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O

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24
Q

Balance: Mg + HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂

A

Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂

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25
Balance: Al + O₂ → Al₂O₃
4Al + 3O₂ → 2Al₂O₃
26
Balance: KClO₃ → KCl + O₂
2KClO₃ → 2KCl + 3O₂
27
Balance: H₂O₂ → H₂O + O₂
2H₂O₂ → 2H₂O + O₂
28
Balance: Cu + AgNO₃ → Cu(NO₃)₂ + Ag
Cu + 2AgNO₃ → Cu(NO₃)₂ + 2Ag
29
Balance: Na₂SO₄ + BaCl₂ → BaSO₄ + NaCl
Na₂SO₄ + BaCl₂ → BaSO₄ + 2NaCl
30
Balance: CH₄ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O
31
Balance: C₂H₆ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
2C₂H₆ + 7O₂ → 4CO₂ + 6H₂O
32
Balance: C₃H₈ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O
33
Balance: C₄H₁₀ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
2C₄H₁₀ + 13O₂ → 8CO₂ + 10H₂O
34
Balance: C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O
35
Balance: FeS₂ + O₂ → Fe₂O₃ + SO₂
4FeS₂ + 11O₂ → 2Fe₂O₃ + 8SO₂
36
Balance: Na + H₂O → NaOH + H₂
2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂
37
Balance: C₂H₅OH + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
C₂H₅OH + 3O₂ → 2CO₂ + 3H₂O
38
Balance: Al₂(SO₄)₃ + Ca(OH)₂ → Al(OH)₃ + CaSO₄
Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3Ca(OH)₂ → 2Al(OH)₃ + 3CaSO₄
39
Balance: NH₃ + O₂ → NO + H₂O
4NH₃ + 5O₂ → 4NO + 6H₂O
40
What does it mean to “count atoms” in a chemical formula?
It means finding how many of each element are present in the compound.
41
How many oxygen atoms are in H₂O?
One oxygen atom.
42
How many hydrogen atoms are in H₂O?
Two hydrogen atoms.
43
How many oxygen atoms are in CO₂?
Two oxygen atoms.
44
How many carbon atoms are in CO₂?
One carbon atom.
45
How many hydrogen atoms are in C₆H₁₂O₆?
Twelve hydrogen atoms.
46
What does a subscript in a chemical formula tell you?
The number of atoms of that element in the molecule.
47
What does a coefficient in front of a formula tell you?
How many molecules of that compound there are.
48
How many oxygen atoms are in 2H₂O?
Two oxygen atoms (1 per molecule × 2 molecules).
49
How many hydrogen atoms are in 3H₂O?
Six hydrogen atoms (2 per molecule × 3 molecules).
50
What is a chemical equation?
A representation of a chemical reaction showing reactants turning into products.
51
What does it mean for a chemical equation to be “balanced”?
The number of each type of atom is the same on both sides of the equation.
52
Why must chemical equations be balanced?
Because of the Law of Conservation of Mass — matter cannot be created or destroyed.
53
Balance this equation: H₂ + O₂ → H₂O
2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O
54
Balance this equation: N₂ + H₂ → NH₃
N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃
55
Balance this equation: Fe + O₂ → Fe₂O₃
4Fe + 3O₂ → 2Fe₂O₃
56
Balance this equation: Na + Cl₂ → NaCl
2Na + Cl₂ → 2NaCl
57
Balance this equation: Ca + O₂ → CaO
2Ca + O₂ → 2CaO
58
What is a synthesis (combination) reaction?
Two or more reactants combine to form one product. Example: 2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O
59
What is a decomposition reaction?
One compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances. Example: 2H₂O → 2H₂ + O₂
60
What is a single replacement reaction?
One element replaces another in a compound. Example: Zn + HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂
61
What is a double replacement reaction?
Two compounds exchange elements or ions. Example: AgNO₃ + NaCl → AgCl + NaNO₃
62
What is a combustion reaction?
A hydrocarbon reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water. Example: CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O
63
Balance: Mg + HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂
Mg + 2HCl → MgCl₂ + H₂
64
Balance: Al + O₂ → Al₂O₃
4Al + 3O₂ → 2Al₂O₃
65
Balance: KClO₃ → KCl + O₂
2KClO₃ → 2KCl + 3O₂
66
Balance: H₂O₂ → H₂O + O₂
2H₂O₂ → 2H₂O + O₂
67
Balance: Cu + AgNO₃ → Cu(NO₃)₂ + Ag
Cu + 2AgNO₃ → Cu(NO₃)₂ + 2Ag
68
Balance: Na₂SO₄ + BaCl₂ → BaSO₄ + NaCl
Na₂SO₄ + BaCl₂ → BaSO₄ + 2NaCl
69
Balance: CH₄ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
CH₄ + 2O₂ → CO₂ + 2H₂O
70
Balance: C₂H₆ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
2C₂H₆ + 7O₂ → 4CO₂ + 6H₂O
71
Balance: C₃H₈ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
C₃H₈ + 5O₂ → 3CO₂ + 4H₂O
72
Balance: C₄H₁₀ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
2C₄H₁₀ + 13O₂ → 8CO₂ + 10H₂O
73
Balance: C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O
74
Balance: FeS₂ + O₂ → Fe₂O₃ + SO₂
4FeS₂ + 11O₂ → 2Fe₂O₃ + 8SO₂
75
Balance: Na + H₂O → NaOH + H₂
2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂
76
Balance: C₂H₅OH + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
C₂H₅OH + 3O₂ → 2CO₂ + 3H₂O
77
Balance: Al₂(SO₄)₃ + Ca(OH)₂ → Al(OH)₃ + CaSO₄
Al₂(SO₄)₃ + 3Ca(OH)₂ → 2Al(OH)₃ + 3CaSO₄
78
Balance: NH₃ + O₂ → NO + H₂O
4NH₃ + 5O₂ → 4NO + 6H₂O
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