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Skel Rad A Final Material > Nutritional Diseases - W8 > Flashcards

Nutritional Diseases - W8 Flashcards

1
Q

Scurvy aka

A

Barlows disease or hypovitaminosis C

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2
Q

Scurvy is associated with ___ ____ deficiency of Vit. C

A

long term

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3
Q

Normal Vit. C dose?

A

75mg adult females

90mg adult males

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4
Q

how much Vit C required to prevent scurvy?

A

10mg

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5
Q

Vit C important b/c forms (3)

A
  1. collagen
  2. osteoid
  3. endothelial linings
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6
Q

Deficiency of _____ _____ & fragile ____ ____

A

intercellular cement & fragile blood vessels

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7
Q

Bone _____ ceases

A

formation

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8
Q

Absorption proceeds ?

A

osteoporosis

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9
Q

MC in babies ___ - ____ months

A

8-14 months

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10
Q

Elders have scurvy if?

A

diet is compromised

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11
Q

Latent period?

A

4 months

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12
Q

Spontaneous hemorrhage?

A

capillary fragility

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13
Q

Scurvy: clinical findings (recognize)

A 
cutaneous petechiae
bleeding gums
melena, hematuria
joint swelling
irritability 
pain 
frog leg position
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14
Q

Dense zone of provisional calcification =?

A

White line of FRANKEL (delayed conversion to bone)

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15
Q

Ring epiphysis

A

Wimbergers sign

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16
Q

radiological findings of scurby?

A

Pelkens spurs
Scorbutic zone
Suberiosteal hemorrhage

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17
Q

Acromegaly is a ______ disease

A

endocrine

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18
Q

Increase GH in the ____ _____ adenoma

A

anterior pituitary

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19
Q

GH activates ___ _____

A

bone growth

20
Q

Acral

A

means Hands

21
Q

clinical findings of acromegaly?

A

thick skin - heel pad
skull/facial changes
large hands
ADI

22
Q

Acromegaly - predisposed to ________ changes

A

degenerative

23
Q

Facial Changes?

A

large flat forehead
thick tongue
prominant cheek bones
large protruded mandible

24
Q

Management of acromegaly? (2)

A

surgical resection of microadenomas & radiation therapy

25
Q

Hyperparathyroidism is a _______ disease

A

metabolic

26
Q

Overactivity of parathyroid gland releases ______ hormone?

A

osteoclastic (PTH)

27
Q

How many types of hyperparathyroidism?

A

3

28
Q

Primary HPT: MC cause of ______ & ______

A

hypercalcemia & parathyroid adenoma

29
Q

Scondary HPT: complication of ______ ______

A

renal disease

30
Q

Secondary HPT: constant Loss of ____ and _____. Stimulate PT release.

A

Ca, and P

31
Q

Tertiary HPT

A

Dialysis patient

32
Q

Clinical findings of Tertiary HPT

A
  • Female 30-50 yrs
  • weakness, lethargy, polydipsia, polyuria
  • calculus formation in kidneys
33
Q

Increased PTH, stimulates ______ _______. and ____ and __ accumulates in blood. _______ is more readily excreted than calcium

A

osteoclastic resorption. Ca+ and P

Phosphorus

34
Q

HPTH: ***** hyper______ and hypo_______.

A

hypercalcemia and hypophophatemia

35
Q

HPTH Hallmark?

A

subperiosteal bone resorption of the outer cortex at the ligament an tendon insertion points

36
Q

brown tumors (2)?

A
  1. osteoclastic giant cells

2. cyst-like destructive bone lesions

37
Q

subperiosteal resorption

A

xray finding for HPTH

38
Q

HPT hits these locations?

A
  1. second and third digits of hand
  2. undersurface of distal clavicle
  3. radial margins of the middle and proximal phalanges
    HANDS AND DISTAL CLAVICLE **
39
Q

Outer cortical erosion for HPT description?

A

irregular, frayed

lace-like appearacnce

40
Q

Subarticular bone resorption (3)

A

widens joint space
osteolysis
AC joint, symphysis, SI joint

41
Q

Salt and Pepper skull/pepper/pepper-pot skull

A

HPT

42
Q

HPT affects (3)

A

fingers, clavicle, skull

43
Q

HPT in spine ? **

A

rugger-jersey spine (horizontal stripes) seen in vertebral body

44
Q

Target sites for HPT (5)

A
  1. hands
  2. skull
  3. spine
  4. pelvis
  5. shoulders
45
Q

hypoparathyroidism deffinition?

A

accidental removal of parathyroid glands during thyroid surgery

46
Q

Hypoparathyroidism is associated with?

A

hypocalcemia and hyperphoshatemia

Skel Rad A Final Material (6 decks)

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