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Derm > infestations > Flashcards

infestations Flashcards

0
Q

how do scabies infect

A

after mating on the skin’s surface, the female mite burrows into the epidermis at the junction of the stratum corneum and stratum granulosum (any deeper and it loses O2 supply by diffusion)

eggs are laid at the end of burrow

larvae emerge from eggs in 3-5 days

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1
Q

how are scabies spread

A

prolonged closed contact, possible venereal

*inanimate objects probably dont spread scabies

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2
Q

why is first exposure asymptomatic for 1-2 months

A

Th1 delayed hypersensitivty reaction

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3
Q

what is disability usually produyced by

A

secondary complications such as excoriation, secondary bacterial infection, post strep glomerulo, acarophobia

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4
Q

egg size is

A

1/3 of baby

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5
Q

how do scabies transmit

A

in lymph (not blood)

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6
Q

classic lesion in scabies

A

scabietic burrow in adults (not usually seen in kids)- curved ridges or thread-like excoriated lesions, resultin in crusted papules

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7
Q

common lesion locations

A 
genital areas
flexor wrists
elbows
finger and toe webs
buttocks
breasts
waistline
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8
Q

what parts of targeted in kids but spared in adults

A

head (scalp, face), palms, soles

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9
Q

main characteristic of lesions

A

intensely pruritic, esp at night

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10
Q

secondary infection leads to

A

impetiginization
ecthyma
cellulitis

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11
Q

nodular scabies

A

persistent red-brown pruritic nodules in genital or intertriginous skin

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12
Q

scabies in infants

A

head, neck, hands, feet

vesicles nad pustules infreq

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13
Q

crusted, norwegian scabies

A

secondary to immuno def–>infestation with tons of mites–>hyperkeratotic crusted eczematous or papulo-squamous dermatitis in face, palms, soles, and nails

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14
Q

scabies in the clean

A

pnly 1-2 mites

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15
Q

lab findings

A

look at mite sin mineral oil!–scrape fresh papule
ink test: link swap over area and burrows show up as dark lines
rare: bx to show above infilitration

16
Q

tx of scabies

A

lindane lotion over entire body for 8-12 hrs

crotamiton creams for kids and pregnant (antipruritic)

17
Q

unlike reg scabies, you CAN get norwegian scabies from

A

inanimiate objects

18
Q

lice are also bad because

A

vectors of human disease

19
Q

pathophys of lic

A

occipital scalp (but cna infest beard and pubic hair)–>leave hair to get blood meal from skin–>release an irritating toxin

20
Q

human response to louse

A

HSR, so usually increases with second exposure

21
Q

nits

A

small, oval whitish- to translucent egg cases cemented into hair shaft on scalp

remain viable for 3 weeks while lice cant live >2-3 days without blood meal

22
Q

physical findings lice

A

pruritis
lice and nits
erythematous populat bites on peripheral scalp (neck)–oozing and crust formation

23
Q

tx lice

A 
lindane
lotion/shampoo
malathion lotion
pyrethin shampoo, fine toothed comb
bactrim
24
Q

pediluosis means

A

lice

25
Q

pediculosis corporsis means

A

body lice

26
Q

why is body lice bad

A

means poor hygene

major vector for epidemic typhus, trench/relapsing fever

27
Q

pathophys of pediculosis corposis

A

lice and nits in clothing, go to skin only for blood meal–> secondary bacterial infections common

28
Q

physical findings with body lice

A

bites start as red macules wiht central punctum that becomes excoriated

29
Q

long standing lice infections

A

progress to a crusted eczematous and widespread dermatitis with dry, scaling hyperpigmented skibn

30
Q

lesions are mainly on

A

shoulders
buttocks
clothes

31
Q

where do lice live

A

in clothes

32
Q

tx of pediculosis corposis

A

clothing (not the patient) with lindane/pyrethrums + store in 30d plastic

33
Q

what should you look for head lice

A

swollen lymph node

34
Q

pediculosis pubic transmitted via

A

close sexual/physical contact or clothing/towel/bedding

35
Q

pathophys of pediculosis pubic

A

smallest lice; pubic hair, eyebrows, eye lashes, chest, beard, axilla or legs

36
Q

physical findigns with pediculosis oubic

A

pruritis and scartaching w/ excoriations, erythematous papules, maculae ceruleae (steel grey macules)

37
Q

pubic lice and secondary bacterial infection is

A

uncommon

38
Q

tx of pubic lice

A

kwell

pyrethrin shampoon for all sexual contacts

Derm (15 decks)

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