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Cardiology > Vascular Buzz Words > Flashcards

Vascular Buzz Words Flashcards

1
Q

Temporal (Giant Cell) Arteritis

A

Granulomatous vasculitis

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2
Q

Main artery involved in Temporal Arteritis

A

branches of carotid

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3
Q

main complication you are worried about with Temporal Arteritis

A

blindness (ophthalmic artery)

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4
Q

What is elevated w/ Temporal Arteritis

A

ESR > 100

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5
Q

Tx for Temp Art, and complication trying to avoid

A

corticosteroids, avoid blindness

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6
Q

Dx of temporal arteritis needs what

A

biopsy of long segment of vessel

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7
Q

Takayasu arteritis - classic epidemiology

A

young Asian females

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8
Q

presentation of Takayasu arteritis

A

visual and neurologic symptoms

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9
Q

pulses weak or absent in upper extremity

A

Takayasu

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10
Q

tx of Takayasu

A

corticosteroids

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11
Q

Polyarteritis Nodosa

A

necrotizing vasculitis (fibrinoid)

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12
Q

polyarteritis nodosa - organ pattern

A

multiple; lungs are spared

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13
Q

HBsAg

A

lab finding with polyarteritis nodosa

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14
Q

‘string-of-pearls’ - b/c of healing of lesions by fibrosis

A

polyarterosis nodosa

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15
Q

Asian children, 4y or younger, erythematous rash of palms and soles

A

Kawasaki

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16
Q

Kawasaki artery involvement

A

coronary - thrombosis, MI, aneurysm if rupture

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17
Q

tx of Kawasaki ***

A

aspirin and IVIG

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18
Q

what do you never give a child with viral illness

A

aspirin

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19
Q

Buerger Disease

A

smoking

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20
Q

ulceration, gangrene, autoamputation of fingers and toes

A

Buerger Disease

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21
Q

Raynaud phenomenon

A

Buerger disease

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22
Q

Wegener Granulomatosis - sites of vasculitis

A

nasopharynx, lungs, and kidneys

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23
Q

mid-age male, sinusitis or nasopharyngeal ulceration, hemoptysis, hematuria

A

Wegner Granulomatosis

24
Q

c-ANCA

A

Wegener; elevated serum levels

25
Q

Tx of Wegener

A

cyclophosphamide

26
Q

Microscopic Polyangiitis - organs involved

A

multiple, mostly lung kidney

27
Q

Microscopic Polyangiitis - differentiate from Wegener

A

no nasopharyngeal involvement, no granulomas

28
Q

p-ANCA

A

Microscopic Polyangiitis - serum levels –>

29
Q

Churg-Strauss syndrome - organs

A

necrotizing granulomatous - lungs, heart

30
Q

p-ANCA (other on your differential)

A

Churg Strauss Syndrome - serum levels

31
Q

Churg Strauss - how to differentiate from Microscopic Polyangitis

A

Churg Strauss

  • granulomas
  • asthma
  • peripheral eosinophilia
32
Q

PALPABLE - this is key, on butt and legs

A

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura

33
Q

IgA immune complex deposition

A

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura - cause of vascultitis

34
Q

HTN

A

> 140/90

35
Q

Primary HTN - risk factors

A

increased in AfricanAmericans, decreased in Asians, obesity, high salt diet

36
Q

Scondary HTN - cause

A

renal artery stenosis

37
Q

renal artery stenosis, - JGA responds by secreting renin, which converts Angitotensinogen to angiotensin I, which is converted into angiotensin II by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) –> what are the effects of angiotensin II

A

Raise blood pressure

1) contracting arteriolar SM, increasing total peripheral resistance
2) promote adrenal release of aldosterone, which increases resorption of sodium in DCT –> in total blood vol

38
Q

Malignant HTN

A

> 180/120

39
Q

end organ damage – acute renal failure, HA, papilledema

A

Malignant HTN presentation

40
Q

Atherosclerosis - 4 main vessels

A

abdominal aorta, coronary artery, popliteal artery, internal carotid

41
Q

cholesterol crystals

A

atherosclerotic emboli, usually due to plaque rupture

42
Q

Hyaline arteriolosclerosis - causes

A

1) benign HTN
2) diabetes
[this is very high yield]
will result in chronic renal failure

43
Q

onion skin appearance of artery

A

hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis

44
Q

calcification of media of muscular arteries

A

Monckeberg Medial Calcific Sclerosis

45
Q

complication of aortic dissection

A

pericardial tamponade

46
Q

where does aortic dissection occur

A

proximal 10 cm of aorta, preexisting weakness of media

47
Q

tertiary syphilis

A

thoracic aneurysm

48
Q

complication of thoracic aneurysm

A

aortic valve insufficiency

49
Q

pulsatile abdominal mass that grows with time

A

abdominal aortic aneurysm

50
Q

hypotension, pulsatile abdominal mass, flank pain

A

rupture of AAA

51
Q

Hemangioma

A

benign, blood vessels, skin and liver

52
Q

Angiosarcoma

A

malignant proliferation of endothelial cells, very aggressive

53
Q

exposure to polyvinyl chloride

A

liver angiosarcoma

54
Q

purple patches, plaques, nodules on the skin

A

Kaposi Sarcoma

55
Q

HHV-8

A

kaposi sarcoma

56
Q

Older Eastern European males, AIDS, transplant recipients

A

Kaposi Sarcoma

Cardiology (14 decks)

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