Introduction

Question 1

Components of general anesthesia

Answer 1

Muscle relaxation
Narcosis
Analgesia

Question 2

Why is it necessary?

Answer 2

Human care, ease of diagnostic procedures, protection of personnel

Question 3

Analgesia

Answer 3

Loss of sensitivity to pain

Question 4

Nociception

Answer 4

Neural process of encoding noxious stimuli, does not require consciousness

Question 5

Tranquilization

Answer 5

Behavioral change where anxiety is relieved and patient is relaxed; still awake/aware of surroundings

Question 6

Sedation

Answer 6

CNS depression and drowsiness; unlikely to be aware of surroundings

Question 7

Local anesthesia

Answer 7

Loss of sensation in a circumscribed body area

Question 8

Regional anesthesia

Answer 8

loss of sensation in larger, though limited, body area

Question 9

Narcosis

Answer 9

Drug induced state of deep sleep from which a patient cannot be easily aroused; may or may not accompany nociception

Question 10

General Anesthesia

Answer 10

Drug induced unconsciousness

Controlled, reversible depression of the CNS and perception; not arousable by noxious stimulation

Question 11

Dissociative anesthesia

Answer 11

Caused by drugs that dissociate the thalamocortical and limbic systems

Catatonic state where eye remain open and swallowing reflexes remain; skeletal muscle rigidity common

Question 12

Surgical anesthesia

Answer 12

State/plane of anesthesia that provides unconsciousness, muscle relaxation, and analgesia sufficient for painless surgery

Question 13

Balanced anesthesia

Answer 13

Induced by use of multiple drugs targets to attenuate individual components of anesthesia

Question 14

Routes of administration

Answer 14

Inhalations anesthetic gasses or vapors inhaled in combination with O2

Injectable- anesthetic solutions injected IM, SQ, or IV

Oral/transmucosal/intranasal- infrequently used with liquids or gels