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Medicine, oncology > Colorectal cancer > Flashcards

Colorectal cancer Flashcards

1
Q

What histology in the GI tract cancers?

A

Oral: squamous
GI/colon/rectum: adenocarcinoma
Anus: squamous

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2
Q

How does tumor grow in left and right colon?

A

Left: inwards
Right: outwards

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3
Q

RF for coloncancer?

A

FAP
HNPCC
Villous, large polyps
UC, CD

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4
Q

Prognosis in colonca?

A

Good, not very aggressive ca

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5
Q

Screening tests?

A

gFOBT and FIT
Sigmoidoscopy
Colonoscopy

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6
Q

When do you do colonoscopy

A

after age 50, every 10 years

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7
Q

Single best test for diagnosis?

A

Colonoscopy

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8
Q

What histology in coloncancer?

A

90% adenocarcinoma

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9
Q

Where does colorectal ca metastatize?

A

LIVER

lungs

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10
Q

Which tumor marker in colon ca?

A

CEA

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11
Q

What would CEA > 5 ng/ml represent?

A

WORSE prognosis

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12
Q

What is CEA used for?

A

Prognostic factor

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13
Q

What is cTNM?

A

Staging done before operation (metastasis)

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14
Q

What is pTNM?

A

Staging done after operation = most important

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15
Q

What is yTNM?

A

Staging done after neoadjuvant tx

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16
Q

Curative tx of colon ca?

A

SURGERY

17
Q

When is radiotx used in colon cancer?

A

Never

18
Q

CHemotx treatment is different in what way between rectal and colon ca?

A

Colon: only adjuvant
Rectal: neoadjuvant and adjuvant

19
Q

How is surgical tx of colon ca done?

A

Resection margin at least 5 cm

Removal of at LEAST 12 lymph nodes

20
Q

How is surgical tx of rectal ca done?

A

Neoadjuvant chemotx –> mesorectal excision

Remove at LEAST 12 lymph nodes

21
Q

What is traditional chemotx in colon ca?

A

FOLFOX!!!

22
Q

What is FOLFOX?

A

Oxaliplatin
5 FU
Leucovorine

23
Q

If there is metastatic disease of colon ca, in which ways may we treat it?

A

Curative (only liver): Chemotx + liver surgery

Palliative (multiple organs): Only chemotx

24
Q

What targeted therapy is used in colorectal ca??

A

Cetuximab (+ FOLFOX)

Bevacizumab = leukemia, GIST

25
Q

Side effects of Bevacizumab?

A

HTN
Bleeding
Stroke

26
Q

Side effects of cetuximab?

A

Acne like rash (skin toxicity)

27
Q

Management if FAP in family, and detected APC?

A

PROPHYLACTIC COLECTOMY!

28
Q

Management if HNPCC?

A

Screening with colonoscopy!!

29
Q

Which side effects from FOLFOX?

A 
Oxaliplatin = peripheral neuropathy
5-FU = BM suppression, Diarrhea, Arrhythmias

Medicine, oncology (15 decks)

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