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OB/PEDS Unit II > Infant Neurologic Exam > Flashcards

Infant Neurologic Exam Flashcards

1
Q

what is a great way to examine a childs neurological state

A

watch them at play

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2
Q

what are automatisms

A

newborn reflexes

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3
Q

what reflex never goes away!

A

parachute reflex

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4
Q

a beginning walker has what type of gait

A

wide based

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5
Q

are flat arches normal for 18 months

A

yes

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6
Q

observe child turn to sounds

whisper a commonly used word behind the child back and have them repeat it. what cranial nerve are you testing

A

VIII

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7
Q

when does brain growth stop?

A

12-15 years

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8
Q

what is the order of motor maturation

A

cephalocaudal direction

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9
Q

how long should an infant hold their hands in a fist

A

3 months

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10
Q

shine a light at the infants open eyes, observe quick closure of the eyes and dorsal flexion of the infants head

A

optical blink reflex CN II

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11
Q

Root reflex is connected to what CN

A

V

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12
Q

sucking reflex is connected with what cranial nerve

A

V

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13
Q

what cranial nerve is infants facial expressions when crying, wrinkle forhead symmetry of smile

A

CN VII

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14
Q

what reflex, clap your hands close to the infants head note the blink in response to sound. moves eyes in direction of sounds.

A

CN VII acoustic blink reflex

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15
Q

if an infant hears a high pitched sound what do they usually do

A

freeze in position

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16
Q

what maneuver and what CN
hold the infant under the axilla in an upreight position head held steady by parent, facing you.
rotate the infant first in one direction then the other.
infants eyes should turn in the direction of rotation
when movement stops eyes should move in the oppsoite direction

A

CN VIII

Doll’s Eye Maneuver

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17
Q

what CN
corrdinated sucking and swallowing ability
pinch infants nose, mouth will open and tip of tongue will rise in a midline position

A

XII

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18
Q

what type of clonus is common in infants

A

ankle

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19
Q

is the patellar reflex present at birth

A

yes

20
Q

are the achilles and brachioradialis reflexes apparent at birth

A

no 6 months

21
Q 
yawn 
sneeze 
hicup
blink at bright light and loud sound
pupillary constriction with light
withdrawal from painful stimuli
A

these are all primitive reflexes

22
Q

plantar reflex persists until when

A

16-24 months

23
Q

fanning of toes and dorsiflexion of the great toe

A

babinski sign

24
Q

touch the palm of the infants hand from the ulnar side

note the strong grasp around your finger

A

palmar grasp

25
Q

when does palmar grasp disapear in an infant

A

3 months

26
Q

when is palmar grasp the strongest

A

1-2 months

27
Q

what facilitates palmar grasp

A

sucking

28
Q

touch the plantar surface of the infants feet at the base of the toes
toes should curl downward

A

pantar grasp

29
Q

how long is the plantar grasp strong

A

8 months.

30
Q

when does moro diminish

A

3-4 months

31
Q

hold the infant upright touch the dorsum of the foot at the edge of a flat surface
observe flexion of the hips and knees and lifting of the foot as if stepping

A

placing

32
Q

permanent disorder, non progressive static disturbances that occured in the developing fetal or infant brain

A

cerebral palsy

33
Q

what brain anatomy specifically may be damaged to cause cerebral palsy

A

immature periventricular white matter.

34
Q

what type of CP

hypertonicity, tremors, scissor gait, toe walking

A

spastic CP

35
Q

what type of CP involuntary slow writhing movements of the extremities tremors may be present

A

Dyskinetic CP

36
Q

what type of CP abnormalities of movement involving balance and position of trunk and extremities

A

Ataxic CP

37
Q

what are the two peak age ranges for SOL’s or intracranial tumors

A

3-12

50-70

38
Q

what will happen to the reflexes of an infant when they have cerebral palsy

A

they will not go away when they should

39
Q

some signs in children of SOL or intracranial lesion

A 
irritability
lethargy
weight loss
growth failure
precocious
puberty
40
Q

what percent of generalized seizure disorder develop in childhood and adolescence

A

75%

41
Q

what time does the outward gait go away in kids

A

18 months

42
Q

what CP version is the hardest to identify

A

ataxic Cerebral Palsy

43
Q

if patient has a constant headache suggest what

A

SOL intracranial lesion

44
Q

IHS criteria for migraine in children look at it

A

ok

45
Q

what is the most common variant of a migraine headache in pediatrics

A

basilar type migraine

OB/PEDS Unit II (8 decks)

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