Tongue Muscles

Question 1

Superior longitudinal muscles

Answer 1

Intrinsic; contain fibers that run anteriorly to posteriorly underneath the mucous membrane of the tongue dorsum; Contraction of the superior longitudinal muscles shortens the tongue or elevates the tongue tip and/or sides of the tongue.

Question 2

Inferior longitudinal muscles

Answer 2

Intrinsic; narrow band of fibers that course along the inf. surface of the tongue whose contraction shortens the tongue or causes the apex of the tongue to curl down

Question 3

Transverse muscles

Answer 3

Intrinsic; course deeper than the superior longitudinal muscles and contain fibers that originate in the median plane of the tongue and extend laterally; contraction narrows and elongates the tongue.

Question 4

Vertical muscles

Answer 4

Intrinsic; run top to bottom in the tongue and flatten the tongue when contracted

Question 5

extrinsic muscles

Answer 5

originate from bone and extend into the tongue. Contraction of these muscles primarily contributes to tongue motion and positioning

Question 6

Genioglossus

Answer 6

ext.; large, fan shaped muscle tha tconstitutes the majority of the tongue body; originates in the mental spine of the mandible and inserts into the hyoid bone and tongue dorsum

Question 7

Contraction of Genioglossus

Answer 7

protrudes the tongue and can also produce side to side movement of the tongue when contracted unilaterally.

Question 8

Hyoglossus

Answer 8

Thin, square-shaped muscle that courses from the body and greater horn of the hyoid to each side of the tongue

Question 9

Contraction of Hyoglossus

Answer 9

pulls the tongue edges down and helps shrotent eh tongue

Question 10

Styloglossus

Answer 10

runs from the lower end of the styloid process to the sides and inferior aspects of the tongue

Question 11

Contraction of styloglossus

Answer 11

shortens the tongue and curls the edges up, helping create a narrow tough in the tongue center through which a bolus can cohesively move during deglutition

Question 12

Palatoglossus

Answer 12

Narrow muscle joining the posterior border of the hard palate with the posterolateral tongue.

Question 13

Contraction of palatoglossus

Answer 13

lowers the soft palate or elevates the post. tongue. Essential for swallowing in order to constrict the space that connects the mouth and pharynx

Question 14

Innervation of palatoglossus

Answer 14

innervated by CN 9 and 10; opposed to the rest which are innerved by CN 12.