Diuretics Flashcards

1
Q

Thiazides
Site of action
Action
Prec

A

DCT
Impairs Na and Cl reabs
K depleting

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2
Q

Thiazides
Enhance what
Other effect

A

Na and h20 excretion

Peripheral vasodilation

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3
Q

Thiazides

Anesthesia concerns

A

Low k, low cl, low mg, muscle weakness, potentiates muscle relaxants, nephropathy. Inc risk dig toxicity. Fluid vol status

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4
Q
Furosemide 
When diuresis begins 
Dose 
Extensive \_\_ \_\_ 
Excreted by what
A

2-10 min after
0.1-1 mg/kg (give 1 mg)
Protein binding
Glom filt and renal tubular sec

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5
Q

Furosemide
Uses
Reduces 2

A

Mobilization of edema fluids periph vasodil precedes onset of diuresis. Reduces ICP, dec venous return

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6
Q

Furosemide
Used to tx hyper___ bc they __ absorption
If oliguric give what

A

Hypercalcemia, inhib absorption

0.1mg/kg for oliguria

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7
Q
Lasix SE 
Low: 
Potentiated
Toxicity risk, w what 
Decreases 
Cross reac w
A

Hypokalemia and chloremia. Pot NDMR. Enhances nephrotoxic risk when given w aminoglyc and cephalosporin. Dec renal clearance of lithium. Cross reac w lithium

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8
Q

Mannitol
Clearance
What it is
How it acts

A

GFR
6 carbon sugar hexose
Renal tubular fluid osmolarity increases, water/na/cl/bicarb excreted

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9
Q

Mannitol

Effect on plasma and risk of what

A

Inc plasma osmolarity. Draws from ic to ec space. Inc iv volume, issue w poor lv func can cause pulm edema

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10
Q

Mannitol
How its given
Clearance

A

IV,doesnt enter cells

100% by gf none reabsorbed

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11
Q

Mannitol uses

4

A

Dx oliguria
Prophylaxis ARF
Reduces ICP and IOP

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12
Q

Mannitol dose

When effects start, last

A

0.25-1 g/kg iv
10-15 min
2 hrs

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13
Q

Mannitol

Anesthesia concerns

A

Pulm edema
Hypovolemia
Electrolyte changes

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14
Q

K sparing diuretics 2

A
Na ch blockers (triamterene) 
Aldosterone antag (spironolactone)
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15
Q

Triamterene
Site of action
Action

A

Collecting duct. Na ch block, non competitive antag of aldosterone

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16
Q

Triamterene
Precautions
Combo with what, why

A

Can cause hyperkalemia

Use w hctz to avoid hypo/hyperkalemia

17
Q

Sprionolactone

Action

A

Inc reabs of na and h20 and sec k, inc volume and bp

18
Q

Aldosterone
Type of antagonist
Primarily indic for

A

Competitive

HF, ascites, low renin htn, low k, conns syndrome

19
Q

Aldosterone

__ diuretic

A

Weak

20
Q

Diamox
Class
MOA

A

Carbonic anydrase inhib. Cataluzes h and bicarb release from co2 and h20. H excreted in exchange for na, bicarb abs w na

21
Q

Diamox
Indic
Increases amt of what in urine

A

Glaucoma, altitude sickness, ICP

Bicarb, na, and water