(6) Navigation

Question 1

Successful Air Navigation involves:

Answer 1

• Piloting the aircraft without being lost
• Not breaking any laws
• Not endangering safety of those on board

Question 2

Difference between air navigation and navigating craft surface:

Answer 2

• A/C travel at higher airspeeds and at high altitudes
• A/C cannot stop mid air
• A/C is safety limited by the amount of fuel it carries
• No in-flight rescue personnel
• Collisions with obstructions are fatal

Question 3

Factors to consider in selecting the best route:

Answer 3

• Airspace limitation/restriction
• Highest Elevation
• Aircraft endurance
• Rules of Air
• Weather
• Wind Direction

Question 4

Using the aeronautical charts, pilots are able to determine:

Answer 4

• Position
• Safe altitude
• Best route
• Radio aids to navigation
• Airspace limitation/restriction

Question 5

7 categories of legend:

Answer 5

1 Airport
2 Airport data
3 Radio aids to navigation
4 Airport traffic services
5 Airspace information
6 Obstruction and Topographic Information
7 Misc Data

Question 6

Stages of flight planning

Answer 6

1 Preflight planning process (preparation of flight computer, flashlight, nav plotter, nav log, charts, aip, sunglasses)

2 Initial planning (checking NOTAMS and weather data)

3 Layout of the course (Course consideration, Airspace Limitation/Restrictions, Drawing the Course, Checkpoints)

4 Altitude (VFR Cruising Alt., Terrain, Cloudbase, Airspace Limitation/Restriction)

5 Distances

6 Airspeeds that need to be attained

Question 7

Preparing flight plan indicating phases and route of flight

Answer 7

Route of flight
- Planning the course
- Indicating checkpoints
- Computing time, distance, fuel burned
- Deviating to alternate
- Reporting points

Direction
- Wind correction angle
- Wind triangle
- True Heading
- True Course
- Magnetic Heading
- Compass
- Variation
- Deviation

Question 8

Facts about latitudes

Answer 8

• known as parallels
• parallel from one another and never meet
• run in east/west direction
• measure distance north/south from equator
• shorter on the poles, longer on the equator
• intersect with prime meridian in right angles
• lie in planes that cross earth’s axis in right angles

Question 9

Facts about longitudes

Answer 9

• known as meridians
• run in north/south direction
• measure distance east/west from prime meridian
• farthest apart at the equator and meet on poles
• cross the equator in right angles
• equal in length
• halves of great circles