Vocab List Flashcards

1
Q

Tumor

A

Abnormal growth of tissue resulting from uncontrolled progressive multiplication of cells that serves no function.

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2
Q

D-max

A

The depth at which electronic equilibrium occurs for photon beams. Depth of maximum absorbed dose and ionization photons in a treatment field.

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3
Q

Given Dose

A

Dose delivered at the depth of D-max through a single treatment field.

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4
Q

Monitor Unit

A

Unit of output measure used for linear accelerations.

1 mu= 1cGy

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5
Q

Isocenter

A

Point of intersection of 3 axis of rotation of treatment unit.

  1. Gantry
  2. Couch
  3. Collimator
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6
Q

Central Axis

A

Central portion of the beam, emanating from the target. Does not diverge.

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7
Q

SSD set up

A

Distance from source to patient’s skin

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8
Q

SAD set up

A

Distance from source to axis of rotation of the treatment unit.

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9
Q

Collimator field size

A

Open field size, projected at a reference distance, usually isocenter (100cm)

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10
Q

Blocked (Effective) Field Size

A

Equivalent rectangle field dimension of the open treatment area within the collimated field.

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11
Q

Photon Energy

A

Small pocket of electromagnetic energy.

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12
Q

Electron Energy

A

Negatively charged subatomic energy that can be accelerated by a variety of machines or can be admitted from decaying isotopes.

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13
Q

Wedge

A

Tool that modifies the asides distribution of a beam to correct for tissue in homogeneities.

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14
Q

Compensating Filter

A

Correct for tissue and homogeneities.

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15
Q

Cerrobend Block

A
Used to form (shape) the treatment field. 
50% Bismuth
26.7% Lead
13.3% Tin
10% Cadmium
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16
Q

MLC

A

Distinct part of a linear accelerator that allows treatment field shaping through the use of motorized leaves in the head of the machine.

17
Q

Electron Applicator (Cone)

A

Extended metal structure ised to restrict the useful beam to the required size.

18
Q

Bolus

A

Tissue equivalent material placed on the skin to increase skin dose and even out irregular contours on the patient.

19
Q

Beamsplit

A

Allows part of the beam to pass through while reflecting the other part of the beam.

20
Q

Alpha Cradle

A

Immobilization devices, made from styrofoam.

21
Q

Aquaplast

A

Thermoplastic immobilization device.

22
Q

Bite Block

A

Used to helo immobilize and help position the tongue.

23
Q

Positioning Lasers

A

Used to set up the patient correctly.

24
Q

Single Field

A

treat the patient with one field

25
Q

Parallel Opposed Field

A

Paid of fields directed along the same axis, form opposite sides.

26
Q

Tangential Field

A

Two oblique fields, similar to a breast bridge.

distance from midline to lateral portion

27
Q

Rotation/ Arc Therapy

A

Isocentric technique when beam moves continuously about the patient.

28
Q

Brachytherapy

A

Uses radioactive material to deliver dose administered directly into the tumor.

29
Q

Isodoses

A

Shows distribution of absorbed dose in points of equal dose.

30
Q

Critical Organ Dose

A

Organs that limit the dose or the dose that can be tolerated by critical sructures.

31
Q

OAR

A

Organs at Risk

32
Q

Gap

A

The distance between the borders of two adjacent fields usually measured on the patient’s skin. Used to measure and verify the depth of two adjacent fields.

33
Q

Image Guided Radiation Therapy (IGRT)

A

The use of imaging to compare the position of external set up marks and internal anatomy to the treatment plan.

34
Q

Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT)

A

Delivers nonuniform exposure across the beam’s eye view using a variety of techniques and equipment.

35
Q

Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT)

A

A type of specialized IMRT where VMAT delivers radiation by rotating machine through 1 or more arcs while radiation is continuously delivered.

36
Q

Tomotherapy

A

Type of rad therapy in which the radiation is delivered slice by slice.

37
Q

Linear Accelerator

A

Radiation Therapy treatment unit that accelerates electrons and produces x-rays and electron treatment.