Chapter 3 Key Terms

Question 1

Biohazard

Answer 1

Short for biological hazard, Any material or substance harmful to health

Question 2

Chain of infection

Answer 2

A number of components or events that when present in a series lead to an infection.

Question 3

HBV

Answer 3

Hepatitis B Virus, the virus that causes hepatitis B is much more virulent than the HIV virus

Question 4

HCV

Answer 4

Hepatitis C Virus, known as the tuberculosis (mycobacterium tuberculosis) which is caught airborne

Question 5

HIV

Answer 5

Human immunodeficiency virus, the virus that causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Question 6

Immune

Answer 6

Protected from or resistant to a particular disease or infection because of the development of antibody against a particular vaccination or recovery

Question 7

Infectious / causative agent

Answer 7

The pathogen responsible for causing an Infection

Question 8

Isolation procedures

Answer 8

Separate patients with certain transmissible infections

Question 9

Microbe

Answer 9

Short for microorganism, a microscopic organism or one that is not visible to the naked eye.

Question 10

Pathogenic

Answer 10

Capable of causing disease

Question 11

Pathogens

Answer 11

Microbes capable of causing disease

Question 12

Percutaneous

Answer 12

Through the skin

Question 13

Permucosal

Answer 13

Through mucous membranes

Question 14

PPE

Answer 14

Personal Protective Equipment, Protective clothing and other Protective items worn by an individual.

Question 15

Reservoir

Answer 15

The source of an infectious microorganism

Question 16

Reverse isolation

Answer 16

Same as Protective isolation, Protective measures are taken to keep healthcare workers and others from transmitting infection to a patient who is highly susceptible to infection

Question 17

Standard precautions

Answer 17

Precautions to use in caring for all patients regardless of diagnosis or presumed infection status that are intended to minimize the risk of infection transmission from both recognized and unrecognized sources. They apply to blood, all body fluids (including all secretions and excretions except sweat, whether or not they contain visible blood) , nonintact skin and mucous membranes

Question 18

Susceptible hosts

Answer 18

An individual who has little resistance to an infectious agent

Question 19

Transmission based precautions

Answer 19

Precautions used in addition to standard precautions for patients known or suspected to be infected or colonized with highly transmissable or epidemiologically significant pathogens

Question 20

Vector transmission

Answer 20

Transmission of an infectious agent by an insect, arthropod, or animal

Question 21

Vehicle transmission

Answer 21

Transmission of an infectious agent through contaminated food, water, drugs, or transfusion of blood