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Respiratory System > Smoking Cessation > Flashcards

Smoking Cessation Flashcards

1
Q

How many chemicals and carcinogens are found in cigarette smoke?

A

> 4000 chemicals

> 40 known carcinogens

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2
Q

Name some chemicals found in smoke

A 
Nicotine 
Arsenic
Cadium
Tar 
Carbon monoxide 
Acetone 
Hydrogen cyanide
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3
Q

What is the risk of developing lung cancer if you smoke?

A

22%

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4
Q

What is the risk of developing upper respiratory cancer if you smoke?

A

24%

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5
Q

What illnesses can smoking cause?

A 
Type II diabetes M 
Psoriasis 
Macular degeneration 
Osteoporosis 
Crohn's disease
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6
Q

What conditions can smoking defend the body against developing?

A 
Parkinsonism 
Sarcoidosis 
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis 
Uterus carcinoma 
Ulcerative colitis
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7
Q

What is the trend in the prevalence of smokers?

A

Poor and unemployed people more likely to smoke

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8
Q

What percentage is the number of people smoking changing each year?

A

Reduce bu 0.7% each year

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9
Q

Why is teenage smoking popular?

A

They want to rebel and feel mature

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10
Q

How much nicotine is in E-cigs compared to cigarettes?

A

25-50%

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11
Q

What fraction of pregnant women smoke?

A

1/3

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12
Q

Describe features of pregnant women that are more likely to smoke during pregnancy

A 
Younger
Single
Lower education 
Unskilled 
Male partner likely to smoke
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13
Q

What does smoking during pregnancy increase the risk of by 1/3?

A

Miscarriage
Stillbirth
Neonatal death

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14
Q

What can second hand smoke cause in children?

A 
Respiratory infections 
Bronchitis 
Bronchiolitis 
Pneumonia 
Cot death 
Middle ear infection
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15
Q

How many years are added onto life expectancy after smoking cessation?

A

7.5yrs

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16
Q

After one year of smoking cessation what is the risk of developing heart disease?

A

Risk of MI 50% that of a smoker

17
Q

After 15 years of smoking cessation what is the risk of developing heart disease?

A

Equal risk of non-smoker

18
Q

After 10-15 years of smoking cessation what is the risk of developing lung cancer?

A

Only slightly greater than non-smoker

19
Q

How much of the price of a packet goes towards tax?

A

77%

20
Q

How much did the Treasury earn from selling packets in 2014-15?

A

£9.5billion

21
Q

How can tax influence smoking cessation?

A

Increasing tax means less people continue buying cigarettes

10% tax increase = 4% reduction in smoking

22
Q

How much do smoking related illnesses cost the NHS?

A

£3-5 billion

23
Q

Why does smoking increase total cost to society?

A

Loss of productivity/economic output
Absenteeism
Fires
Passive smoking effects

24
Q

How many people are employed in the tobacco industry in UK?

A

5000

25
Q

What law did the government introduce in 2005?

A

Smoking, Health and Social care (Scotland) Act

26
Q

What restrictions did the 2005 Scotland Act impose?

A

No selling tobacco < 18yrs
No smoking in vehicles with kids in it
No proxy purchase
No cig vending machines

Standardise packaging

27
Q

What was implemented to standardise packaging?

A 
2016 EU Tobacco Product Directive Picture warnings on 65% of a packet
Ban of flavours (i.e. menthol)
Minimum pack size 20 cigs 
Limits of tar, nicotine and CO 
Adjectives 'mild' 'smooth' banned
28
Q

What is the rule about smoking in public places?

A

Banned in all public places and workplaces (there are exceptions)

29
Q

What are the exceptions to public smoking?

A

Hotel bedrooms
Designated rooms in care homes and prisons
Private homes
Actors

30
Q

How is tobacco regulated?

A

All tobacco products sold in UK must have ‘UK Duty Paid’ to distinguish from smuggled goods

31
Q

How can smoking cessation be influenced at an individual level?

A

Dont smoke yourself
Be supportive
Use skilled people around you i.e skilled advisory service

Respiratory System (29 decks)

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