Ch 39: Diabetes

Question 1

Glucovance

Answer 1

metformin + glyburide

Question 2

Janumet

Answer 2

metformin + sitagliptin

Question 3

Invokamet

Answer 3

metformin + canagliflozin

Question 4

Synjardy

Answer 4

metformin + empagliflozin

Question 5

Glyxambi

Answer 5

linagliptin + empagliflozin

Question 6

Qtern

Answer 6

saxagliptin + dapagliflozin

Question 7

Xultophy

Answer 7

liraglutide + insulin degludec

Question 8

Soliqua

Answer 8

lixisenatide + insulin glargine

Question 9

humalog vs novolog

Answer 9

humalog is lispro. novolog is aspart.

Question 10

afrezza

Answer 10

PO inhaled insulin. replace inhaler every 15 days. contraindication for asthma, copd. BBW: acute bronchospasm with chronic lung disease. otherwise similar to rapid insulin.

Question 11

concentrated insulin products

Answer 11

humalog kwikpen (200 u/ml), humulin r u-500, tresiba flextouch (200 u/ml), toujeo solostar (300 u/ml)

Question 12

mixing insulin in same syringe

Answer 12

clear insulin into syringe first, before cloudy (NPH). (inject air into cloudy, then clear, take in clear, then cloudy.

Question 13

hypoglycemia

Answer 13

<70. normal fasting is 70-99.

Question 14

15 g of simple carbs

Answer 14

3-4 glucose tabs, 1 serving of gel tube, 2 tbsp raisins, 4 oz juice or reg soda, 1 tbsp sugar/honey/corn syrup, 8 oz milk.

Question 15

hospitalized bg goal

Answer 15

140-180. avoid SSI. instead basal, bolus, and correction.. basal and correction only if poor intake.

Question 16

DKA

Answer 16

bg >250 mg/dl, ketones +/- fruity breath, ag metab acidosis (arterial pH <7.35, ag >12). T1DM or noncompliance.

Question 17

HHS

Answer 17

hyperglycemia, hyperosmolar state. T1DM d/t severe stress. serum ketones negligible or absent. much higher bg >600, high serum osmolality >320 mosm/L, extremem dehydration, AMS, pH >7.3, bicarbonate >15 mEq/L.

Question 18

DM agents with biggest decrease in a1c (>1%)

Answer 18

insulin, metformin, sulfonylureas, TZDs, GLP1As

Question 19

DM agents with greatest hypoglycemia risk

Answer 19

insulin, sulfonylureas, meglitinides, TZDs, pramlintide (with insulin)

Question 20

DM agents with wt gain

Answer 20

insulin, sulfonylureas, meglitinides, TZDs

Question 21

DM agents with wt loss

Answer 21

SGLT1Is, GLP1As, pramlintide

Question 22

DM agents with cardiac benefits

Answer 22

empagliflozin (Jardiance), liraglutide (victoza), canagliflozin (invokana)

Question 23

do not use ___ if eGFR/CrCl <30

Answer 23

metformin, SGLT2Is, exenatide, glyburide

Question 24

do not use ___ if HF

Answer 24

TZDs, alogliptin, saxagliptin

Question 25

do not use ___ if PAD, diabetic foot ulcers, peripheral neuropathy

Answer 25

canagliflozin (invokana)

Question 26

do not use ___ if gastroparesis or other GI disorder

Answer 26

GLP11As, pramlintide

Question 27

do not use ___ if G6PD deficiency

Answer 27

sulfonylureas