Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

MSK lectures > MSK immunology 05/10/18 > Flashcards

MSK immunology 05/10/18 Flashcards

1
Q

What do Th1 cells do?

A

Activated macrophages by released IFNy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is IL-2?

A

T-cell growth factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does a Tfh cell do?

A

Activates B cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What’s the difference between B cells and T cells?

A

B cells - Can detect any type of antigen

T cells - can only detect peptide antigens expressed by MHC I or II

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What do CD8 cells do once activated?

A

Differentiate into cytotoxic cells and migrate into lymph nodes in infected site and kill infected cells using granzymes and perforin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the function of B cells?

A

become plasma cells - effector B cells that secrete antibodies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is an important antibody in Type 2 and 3 hypersensitivity?

A

IgG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is autoimmunity?

A

The presence of adaptive immune responses against self-tissue/cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does random rearrangement of the polypeptide chain result in?

A

Random generation of antigen receptors that could:

  • Not have a receptor
  • Have a receptor for foreign antigens
  • Have a receptor for host cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What prevents autoimmunity in healthy individuals?

A

All new cells are tested to see if they recognize host and are killed by Apoptosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What targets auto reactive T and B cells?

A

Regulatory T cells dampen down the activity of these cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What happens when the autoreactive control measures fail?

A

HIgh levels of auto-antibodies

leading to significant tissue/organ damage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the components of auto immune diseases?

A

Genetic suscptibility
Loss of immune regulation
Activation of auto-reactive T and B cells
Hypersensitivity reactions
Autoimmune phenomena or autoimmune disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What encodes for the expression of the development of regulatory t cells?

A

FOXP3

MHC genes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How many MHC molecules are presented on each antigen presnting cell(?) ?

A

12

6 from each parent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What gender is more likely to have an autoimmune disease?

A

Females

17
Q

What are factors that worsen an ongoing autoimmune disease?

A

Molecular mimicry
Intercurrent infections
Tissue damage
Superantigens

18
Q

What organs are immunoprotected?

A

Brain - blood brain barrier
Cornea
Testes

19
Q

What is Myasthenia gravis?

A

Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by severe muscular weakness and progressive failure
auto-IgG antibodies

20
Q

Who gets MG and whats the cause?

A

Any age
90% unknown
10% thymic tumour

21
Q

How does MG present?

A 
Onset typically insidious
Droopy eye muscle
May first appear during pregnancy or with certain anaesthetics
Fatigue
Muscle weakness
22
Q

What is early onset MG with AChR antibodies associated with?

A

Increased adaptive immune response in the thymus

23
Q

How does MG develop?

A

CD4+ T cells are activated by unfolded AChR subunits expressed by thymic epithelial cells.
Effector TH cells stimulate auto-reactive B cells to produce anti-AChR antibodies
Thymic myoid cells are attacked by these antibodies, and release AChR-immune complexes
These complexes activate other antigen presenting cells, perpetuating the response

24
Q

What is the treatment of MG?

A 
Increase neurotransmission
Anti-cholinesterase agents
Reduce autoimmunity 
Immunosuppressive drugs, corticosteroids
Plasmapheresis
IVIg
Eculizumab 
Terminal pathway Complement inhibitor
Eculizumab 
Surgery
Thymectomy
25
Q

What is rheumatoid arthritis?

A

Systemic disease with prominent involvement of the joints

26
Q

What is Eculiziumanb?

A

A monoclonal antibody that binds to C5b and prevents the development of the MAC

27
Q

What is C5b?

A

Part of the MAC

28
Q

What is RA characterized by?

A

Inflammatory damage in the synovial membrane or articular cartilage
Systemic signs of inflammation

MSK lectures (50 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions