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Clinical Neurology > Movement Disorders > Flashcards

Movement Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

What is the main hypokinetic movement disorder?

A

Parkinsonism

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2
Q

What are the main hyperkinetic movement disorders?

A 
Tremor
Tics
Chorea
Myoclonus
Dystonia
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3
Q

What is tremor?

A

Rhythmic sinusoidal oscillation of a body part

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4
Q

What is a tic?

A

Involuntary stereotyped movement/vocalisation

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5
Q

What is chorea?

A

Brief irregular purposeless movements which flit and flow from one part to another

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6
Q

What is myoclonus?

A

Brief electric-shock like jerks

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7
Q

What is dystonia?

A

Abnormal posture of affected body part

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8
Q

How can tremor be classified?

A

Position
Distribution
Frequency
Amplitude

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9
Q

What is the main cause of resting tremor?

A

Parkinson’s

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10
Q

Give some causes of kinetic tremor

A

Cerebellar disease

Wilson’s disease

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11
Q

What are the core criteria for essential tremor?

A

Bilateral action tremor of hands/forearms
Absence of neuro signs
Long duration

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12
Q

When a patient releases a tic they feel relaxed. True/false?

A

True

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13
Q

What are the two main types of tic?

A

Motor

Vocal

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14
Q

Give some secondary causes of tics

A

Huntington’s
Wilson’s
Neuroacanthocythosis

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15
Q

What is the main syndrome causing vocal tics?

A

Tourette’s syndrome

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16
Q

How is Tourette’s syndrome treated?

A

Clonidine

Tetrabenazine

17
Q

Give some degenerative causes of chorea

A

Huntington’s
Wilson’s
Neuroacantocythosis

18
Q

Give some autoimmune causes of chorea

A

SLE
Anti-phospholipid
Behcet syndrome
Coeliac disease

19
Q

How does myoclonus commonly present in patients with liver failure?

A

Astrixis (liver flap)

20
Q

What occurs in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy?

A

Generalised seizures and myoclonic jerks in teenage years

21
Q

How is juvenile myoclonic epilepsy treated?

A

Sodium valproate

Levetiracetam

Clinical Neurology (20 decks)

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