Macroevol&PhylogenyLEC17 Flashcards
Who thought up the idea of punctuated equilibrium? What is it?
By Eldredge & Gould.
When new species changes most as it buds from a parent species and changes little for the rest of its existence.
What is gradualism?
When species gradually diverge as they acquire unique adaptations.
What is macroevolutionary change?
The cumulative change of thousands of small changes.
What evolve in many stages from earlier structures (like wings)?
Biological innovations!
Humans have retained the early growth patterns of chimps called?
Neoteny!
Sexually mature adults may retain juvenile structures in?
Ex. Axolotl
Paedomorphosis!
What are Hox genes?
One group of genes that direct the development of fins an limbs.
What is the only surviving twig of a diversity of branches with different trends?
Equus!
Hyracotherium-Mesohippus-Merychippus-Pliohippus-Equus.
What is phylogeny?
The evolutionary history of a taxon.
What is systematics?
A technique for analyzing relatedness between organisms.
What group develop hypotheses about relatedness?
Systematists!
What are based on three kinds of evidence of common ancestry:
・fossil
・morphological
・molecular?
Phylogenies!
Who has the most complex eyes out of limpet, slit shell, Nautilus, snail, and squid?
Squid
What do fossil record often shows?
Apparent trends that arise from adaptation to a changing environment.
True are fail? There is no intrinsic drive toward a particular morphology.
TRUE
