Vision

Question 1

Marcus Gunn pupil

Answer 1

Relative afferent pupillary defect.
Seen in swinging-light test.
Can be due to optic neuritis
repeated light shining on an abnormal eye dilates it, after the other eye constricts on light.

Question 2

Clues to neurological or vascular causes of vision loss

Answer 2

Neuro have vision loss in vertical pattern, whereas vascular will have a horizontal pattern of visual loss.

Question 3

Causes of unilateral visual loss

Answer 3

Central retinal artery occlusion TIA (Amaurosis fugax)
Anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy ( from giant cell arthritis)
Optic neuritis (MS)
Retinal detachment (see flashes and floaters)
Syphilus
Acute angle closure glaucoma (raised ICP)

Question 4

Causes of optic neuritis

Answer 4

MS
Amiodarone, Isoniazib
Giant cell arthritis
Diabetic pampillopathy
Lyme's, Syphilis, HIV

Question 5

Symptoms of optic neuritis

Answer 5

Pain on eye movement, reduced visual acuity, Marcus gunn pupil