Introduction and Anatomy of Lungs, Airways and Blood Supply

Question 1

Features of Nose

Answer 1

The cilia and mucus trap particles and warm and moisten the air that passes through

Question 2

Features of Pharynx

Answer 2

Air from your nose moves down this structure

Question 3

Features of Epiglottis

Answer 3

A small flap of tissue that folds over and prevents food entering your trachea

Question 4

Features of Larynx

Answer 4

This is the voice box that contains your vocal cords and vibrate to produce sound

Question 5

Features of Trachea

Answer 5

From pharynx air moves down to the trachea which is made up of stiff hyaline cartilage

Question 6

Features of Bronchus

Answer 6

Air moves from the trachea to branch off in these structures

Question 7

Features of Lung

Answer 7

Maim organ of respiration

Question 8

Upper Respiratory Tract

Answer 8

Pharynx, Nose, Larynx, Tongue, Oesophagus

Question 9

Lower Respiratory Tract

Answer 9

Trachea, Bronchi, Lung, Diaphragm

Question 10

Features of the Right Lung

Answer 10

Superior Lobe
Middle Lobe
Inferior Lobe
Horizontal Fissure
Oblique Fissure

Question 11

Features of the Left Lung

Answer 11

Superior Lobe
Inferior Lobe
Oblique Fissure

Question 12

How many times does each bronchus branch to terminate at the alveoli

Answer 12

22

Question 13

Bronchioles

Answer 13

No cartilage, patency is maintained by physical forces in the thorax

Question 14

Alveoli

Answer 14

Type 1 Pneumocytes: gas exchange
Type 2 Pneumocytes: produces surfactant
Alveolar macrophages ingest foreign material that reaches the alveoli

Question 15

Functions of the respiratory system

Answer 15

Gas exchange
Acid-Base balance
Protection from Infection
Communication via speech control of air

Question 16

Importance of breathing and gas exchange

Answer 16

Provides energy to keep brain cells alive

Acquiring and removing

Question 17

In the steady state the net volume of oxygen exchanged in the lungs per unit is equal to what?

Answer 17

net volume exchanged in the tissues and the same applies for carbon dioxide

Question 18

Average volumes of gas exchanged per minute

Answer 18

250ml oxygen (consumed)
200ml carbon dioxide (produced)
Breathing rate is 10-20 breaths/min at rest

Question 19

Function of mucous

Answer 19

Moisten air
Traps particles
Provides large surface area for cilia to act on
Has Goblet cells and Subepithelial glands