Unit 3: Jeapordy

Question 1

What is the only inspiration muscle that does not life the rib cage?

Answer 1

diaphragm

Question 2

What is the form that most CO2 is carried in the blood?

Answer 2

Bicarbonate ions

Question 3

What is a rib muscle associated with forced expatriation?

Answer 3

internal intercostals

Question 4

What is the normal amount of air that one moves in or out of the lungs each breath?

Answer 4

tidal volume

Question 5

What is an expiratory muscle that is also an important lumbar spine stabilizer?

Answer 5

transverse abdominus

Question 6

What is the amount of air left in the lungs after a normal expiration?

Answer 6

functional residual capacity

Question 7

What is the pressure that keeps the lungs inflated against the chest wall?

Answer 7

negative pleural pressure

Question 8

What is responsible for 2/3 of the collapse tenancy of the lung?

Answer 8

surface tension (other 1/3 is elastic fibers/CT)

Question 9

How many bronchopulmonary segments in the lungs?

Answer 9

10 per lung

Question 10

What muscle not only assists with inspiration but it allows you to turn the head in both directions?

Answer 10

SCM

Question 11

What muscles allow us to cough by pulling down on the rib cage?

Answer 11

expiratory muscles

• rectus abdominis
• internal intercostals
• ???maybe more

Question 12

What is a gas that is 20x more soluble in aqueous fluid compared to oxygen?

Answer 12

carbon dioxide

Question 13

What is nitrogen’s solubility in aqueous fluid compared to Oxygen?

Answer 13

about half

Question 14

What molecule in the RBC that is responsible for the bulk of the oxygen transport?

Answer 14

hemoglobin

Question 15

What is the pressure that is a measure of the recoil tendency of the lung?

Answer 15

transpulmonary pressure

Question 16

What is the maximum amount of air one can exchange in any given ventilatory cycle?

Answer 16

Vital capacity

Question 17

What sets the basic drive of ventilation?

Answer 17

Dorsal respiratory group (DRG)

Question 18

What normally limits the duration of inspiration?

Answer 18

pneumotaxic center

Question 19

What is the substance that reduces surface tension forces in the lung, making lung expansion easier?

Answer 19

surfactant

Question 20

About 20% of metabolized oxygen ends up as what?

Answer 20

metabolic water

Question 21

What is responsible for the majority of the ventilatory response to an elevation of arterial PCO2?

Answer 21

(PCO2 is greater than 40 mm Hg)

central chemosensitive area (in brain stem)

Question 22

What are responsive to hypoxia and hypercapnia?

Answer 22

peripheral chemosensors

Question 23

What is a gas that out competes (250x) oxygen fro bindings sites on hemoglobin and can decrease oxygen carrying capacity of the blood significantly?

Answer 23

carbon monoxide

Question 24

What is the major stimulator of chemoreceptors when inside these cells?

Answer 24

the hydrogen ions

it is not the CO2 when it is w/in the cell

Question 25

What provides lubrication b/w the pleura?

Answer 25

pleural fluid

Question 26

What is associated with interstitial fluid filling the alveoli?

Answer 26

pulmonary edema (can result in alveolar filling)

Question 27

What is the reason that the left ventricle pumps 1% more than the right ventricle?

Answer 27

some bronchial artery blood drains into the pulmonary veins

this is normal, and is a very short circuit