Transfusion Flashcards
1
Q
What is the universal donor?
Why?
A
O-
Polysaccharide structure - everyone has the ‘O’ part, not everyone has the A and B parts
2
Q
What is the universal recipient?
Why?
A
AB
Have both A and B antigens (IgM)
3
Q
What is RhesusD?
Why is it a problem in pregnancy?
A
Protein - can cross the placenta (IgM can’t)
4
Q
How many ml is 1 unit of blood?
A
4-500ml
5
Q
What is in a unit of RBCs?
A
RBCs, glucose, adenosine, citrates (to prevent clotting) Low pH (6.8), as RBCs produce lactate
6
Q
How long does it take to transfuse?
A
Usually over 2-3 hours, but in an emergency, as fast as poss! so around 5 mins per unit
7
Q
What could massive trasfusion lead to (3 things)
A
Hyperkalaemia
Hypocalcaemia (citrates chelate calcium)
Acidaemia
8
Q
Give 6 complications of transfusion
A
Fluid overload Acute haemolytic reaction TRALI (transfusion-related lung injury) BBV (HIV, hep B and C, CMV) Bacteraemia Iron overload Febrile reaction
